Average PDF(ℳ | z) for galaxies in four bins of stellar mass (highlighted with grey vertical bands), at redshift (blue solid lines) and (orange). The plot also shows the σ_m(z) uncertainty (see Eq. (1), with dark blue and red dashed lines, in the low and high z-bin respectively. Two examples of z ≃ 5 PDFs from Grazian et al. (2015) are shown with dotted lines; they are obtained by stacking the PDF(ℳ | z) of CANDELS galaxies at 9.4 < log (ℳ/ℳ_⊙) < 9.6 and 10.4 < log (ℳ/ℳ_⊙) < 10.6 respectively (Chabrier’s IMF). All the PDFs in the figure have been normalised to unity.