EMDs of the Sun and ɛ Eri. Dashed lines: solar EMDs during the minimum in April 1996 (blue) and the maximum in December 1991 (red) of the solar cycle; solid lines: EPIC/pn EMDs of ɛ Eri during the minimum in February 2015 (blue) and maximum in July 2018 (red) of its X-ray cycle; green dots: EMD of ɛ Eri from the EUVE spectra of 1993 (Drake et al. 2000);blacks dots: EMD of ɛ Eri from Chandra/LETGS spectrum taken in March 2001 (Sanz-Forcada et al. 2004).