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Table 1.
Symbols.
| Symbol | Definition | units |
|---|---|---|
| A | Bond albedo of the nucleus | |
| ϵ | Emissivity of the nucleus | |
| θ | Sun zenithal angle on the nucleus surface | |
| δ | Refractory-to-all-ices mass ratio | |
| γ | All-ices-to-CO mass ratio | |
| rh | Nucleus heliocentric distance | au |
| r | Average radius of the dust grains | m |
| R | Average radius of the pebbles | m |
| s | Depth from the nucleus surface | m |
| sm | Diameter of the smallest ejected particles | m |
| sM | Diameter of the largest ejected particles | m |
| D | CO-depletion rate of the nucleus | m s−1 |
| E | Erosion rate of the nucleus | m s−1 |
| P | Pressure of CO gas inside the pebbles | Pa |
| S | Tensile strength bonding the dust grains | Pa |
| P0 | CO-ice sublimation pressure | Pa |
| T0 | CO-ice sublimation temperature | K |
| Ts | Temperature of the nucleus surface | K |
| ∇T | Nucleus average temperature gradient | K m−1 |
| k | Boltzmann constant | J K−1 |
| Λ | Sublimation latent heat of CO ice | J kg−1 |
| cp | Heat capacity of the pebbles | J kg−1 K−1 |
| σ | Stefan–Boltzmann constant | W m−2 K−4 |
| I⊙ | Solar flux at 1 au | W m−2 |
| λs | Heat conductivity inside the nucleus | W m−1 K−1 |
| m | Mass of a CO molecule | kg |
| Q | Average flux of CO gas from the nucleus | kg m−2 s−1 |
| Qd | Observed dust-loss rate from the nucleus | kg s−1 |
| ρd | Average bulk density of the dust particles | kg m−3 |
| ρn | Average bulk density of the nucleus | kg m−3 |
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