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Fig. 6.

image

Obscured fraction of star formation as a function of stellar mass (fobs − M relation) of our UV selected sample. Blue and red points show individual FIR continuum detections at 4 <  z <  5 and at 5 <  z <  6, respectively. Triangles show 3σ upper limits for IR nondetections. Stacks are shown by blue (at z ∼ 4.5) and by red (at z ∼ 5.5) rectangles. The nondetection of the stack is indicated by a downward arrow. Gray points and lines show the observed relation at redshifts between z = 0 and z ∼ 2.5 (Whitaker et al. 2017). The solid line shows the constant fobs − M relation of z ∼ 2.5 to z ∼ 0 using a template from Dale & Helou (2002), and the dashed line shows the same using Béthermin et al. (2015) or Magdis et al. (2012) templates. At M <  1010M, our z ∼ 4.5 stacks are potentially consistent with the fobs at z ∼ 2.5 to z ∼ 0 using Béthermin et al. (2015) or Magdis et al. (2012) templates. However, at M >  1010M, our stacks show decreasing fobs from z ∼ 2.5 to z ∼ 5.5, suggesting a rapid evolution of dust obscured star formation activity in main-sequence galaxies at z >  4. However, we caution that UV-selected samples at z >  4 may be incomplete at very high masses (M >  1010.5M) given the absence of deep rest-frame optical imaging, as as been shown recently by the detection of a significant population of UV-undetected, massive galaxies (e.g., Wang et al. 2019; Alcalde Pampliega et al. 2019).

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