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Table A.1

Chemical network employed in this paper.

1 H+H → H2
2 H+e− → H++2e−
3 H++e− → H
4 He+e− → He++2e−
5 He++e− → He
6 He++H → He+H+
7 He+H+ → He++H
8 H2+He → He+2H
9 H2+He+ → He+H2+
10 H2+He+ → He+H+H+
11 H2+He+ → He++2H
12 H+e− → H−
13 H−+H → H2+e−
14 H+H+ → H2+
15 H2++H → H2+H+
16 H2+H+ → H2++H
17 H2+e− → 2H+e−
18 H2+H → 3H
19 H−+e− → H+2e−
20 H−+H → 2H+e−
21 H−+H+ → 2H
22 H−+H+ → H2++e−
23 H2++e− → 2H
24 H2++H− → H+H2
25 H2+H2 → H2+2H
26 H+H+He → H2+He
27 H+H+H → H2+H
28 H2+H+H → 2H2
29 C++e− → C
30 O++e− → O
31 C+e− → C++2e−
32 O+e− → O++2e−
33 O++H → O+H+
34 O+H+ → O++H
35 O+He+ → O++He
36 C+H+ → C++H
37 C++H → C+H+
38 C+He+ → C++He
39 OH+H → O+2H
40 HOC++H2 → HCO++H2
41 HOC++CO → HCO++CO
42 C+H2 → CH+H
43 CH+H → C+H2
44 CH+H2 → CH2+H
45 CH+C → C2+H
46 CH+O → CO+H
47 CH+O → HCO++e−
48 CH+O → OH+C
49 CH2+H → CH+H2
50 CH2+O → CO+2H
51 CH2+O → CO+H2
52 CH2+O → HCO+H
53 CH2+O → CH+OH
54 C2+O → CO+C
55 O+H2 → OH+H
56 OH+H → O+H2
57 H2+OH → H2O+H
58 C+OH → H+CO
59 O+OH → H+O2
60 OH+OH → H2O+O
61 H2O+H → H2+OH
62 O2+H → OH+O
63 O2+H2 → 2OH
64 O2+C → CO+O
65 CO+H → C+OH
66 H2++H2 → H3++H
67 H3++H → H2++H2
68 C+H2+ → CH++H
69 C+H3+ → CH++H2
70 C+H3+ → CH2++H
71 C++H2 → CH++H
72 CH++H → C++H2
73 CH++H2 → CH2++H
74 CH++O → CO++H
75 CH2++H → CH++H2
76 CH2++H2 → CH3++H
77 CH2++O → HCO++H
78 CH3++H → CH2++H2
79 CH3++O → HOC++H2
80 CH3++O → HCO++H2
81 C2+O+ → CO++C
82 O++H2 → H+OH+
83 O+H2+ → H+OH+
84 O+H3+ → H2+OH+
85 O+H3+ → H+H2O+
86 OH+H3+ → H2+H2O+
87 OH+C+ → H+CO+
88 OH++H2 → H2O++H
89 H2O++H2 → H3O++H
90 H2O+H3+ → H2+H3O+
91 H2O+C+ → HOC++H
92 H2O+C+ → HCO++H
93 H2O+C+ → H2O++C
94 H3O++C → HCO++H2
95 O2+C+ → CO++O
96 O2+C+ → CO+O+
97 O2+CH2+ → HCO++OH
98 C+O2+ → O+CO+
99 C+O2+ → O2+C+
100 CO+H3+ → H2+HCO+
101 CO+H3+ → H2+HOC+
102 HCO++C → CO+CH+
103 HCO++H2O → CO+H3O+
104 CH+H+ → CH++H
105 CH2+H+ → H2+CH+
106 CH2+H+ → H+CH2+
107 CH2+He+ → He+H2+C+
108 CH2+He+ → He+H+CH+
109 C2+He+ → C++C+He
110 OH+H+ → OH++H
111 OH+He+ → O++He+H
112 H2O+H+ → H+H2O+
113 H2O+He+ → He+OH+H+
114 H2O+He+ → He+OH++H
115 H2O+He+ → He+H2O+
116 O2+H+ → O2++H
117 O2+He+ → O2++He
118 O2+He+ → O++He+O
119 CO+He+ → C++He+O
120 CO+He+ → C+He+O+
121 CO+ +H → CO+H+
122 C− +H+ → C+H
123 O− +H+ → O+H
124 He+ +H− → H+He
125 H3+ +e− → H2+H
126 H3+ +e− → 3H
127 CH+ +e− → C+H
128 CH2+ +e− → CH+H
129 CH2+ +e− → C+H2
130 CH2+ +e− → C+2H
131 CH3+ +e− → CH2+H
132 CH3+ +e− → CH+H2
133 CH3+ +e− → CH+2H
134 OH+ +e− → O+H
135 H2 O+ +e− → O+H2
136 H2 O+ +e− → OH+H
137 H2 O+ +e− → O+2H
138 H3 O+ +e− → OH+2H
139 H3 O+ +e− → O+H+H2
140 H3 O+ +e− → H+H2O
141 H3 O+ +e− → OH+H2
142 O2+ +e− → 2O
143 CO+ +e− → C+O
144 HCO+ +e− → CO+H
145 HCO+ +e− → OH+C
146 HOC+ +e− → CO+H
147 H− +C → CH+e−
148 H− +O → OH+e−
149 H− +OH → H2O+e−
150 C− +H → CH+e−
151 C− +H2 → CH2+e−
152 C− +O → CO+e−
153 O− +H → OH+e−
154 O− +H2 → H2O+e−
155 O− +C → CO+e−
156 H2 +H+ → 2H+H+
157 H2 +H+ → H3+
158 C+e− → C−
159 C+H → CH
160 C+H2 → CH2
161 C+C → C2
162 C+O → CO
163 C+ +H → CH+
164 C+ +H2 → CH2+
165 C+ +O → CO+
166 O+e− → O−
167 O+H → OH
168 O+O → O2
169 OH+H → H2O
170 H− +γ → H+e−
171 H2+ +γ → H+H+
172 H3+ +γ → H2+H+
173 H3+ +γ → H2++H
174 C+γ → C++e−
175 C− +γ → C+e−
176 CH+γ → C+H
177 CH+γ → CH++e−
178 CH+ +γ → C+H+
179 CH2 +γ → CH+H
180 CH2 +γ → CH2++e−
181 CH2+ +γ → CH++H
182 CH3+ +γ → CH2++H
183 CH3+ +γ → CH++H2
184 C2 +γ → 2C
185 O− +γ → O+e−
186 OH+γ → O+H
187 OH+γ → OH++e−
188 OH+ +γ → O+H+
189 H2 O+γ → OH+H
190 H2 O+γ → H2O++e−
191 O2 +γ → O2++e−
192 O2 +γ → 2O
193 CO+γ → C+O
194 H2 +γ → 2H
195 H2 O+ → H2++O
196 H2 O+ → H++OH
197 H2 O+ → O++H2
198 H2 O+ → OH++H
199 H3 O+ → H++H2O
200 H3 O+ → H2++OH
201 H3 O+ → H2O++H
202 H3 O+ → OH++H2
203 H+CR → H++e−
204 He+CR → He++e−
205 O+CR → O++e−
206 CO+CR → C+O
207 CO+CR → CO++e−
208 C2 +CR → 2C
209 H2 +CR → 2H
210 H2 +CR → H++H−
211 H2 +CR → H2++e−
212 C+CR → C++e−
213 CH+CR → C+H
214 O2 +CR → 2O
215 O2 +CR → O2++e−
216 OH+CR → O+H
217 CH2 +CR → CH2++e−
218 H2 O+CR → OH+H
219 HCO+CR → CO+H
220 HCO+CR → HCO++e−
221 H2 +CR → H+H++e−
222 C+C + H2 → C2 + H2
223 C+O + H2 → CO + H2
224 C+O+ + H2 → CO+ + H2
225 C+ +O + H2 → CO+ + H2
226 H+O + H2 → OH + H2
227 OH+O + H2 → H2O + H2
228 O+O + H2 → O2 + H2
229 H → Hd
230 CO → COd
231 H2 O → H2Od
232 Hd → H
233 COd → CO
234 H2Od → H2O
235 Hd + COd → products

Notes. Photochemical reactions includes photons γ, while cosmic rays are indicated with CR. We note that the first reaction represents H2 catalysis on grains, for example, Hollenbach & McKee (1979). More details can be found in Glover et al. (2010) and Grassi et al. (2017) and in the text. See Sect. 3 for additional information about surface reactions.

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