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Fig. 1.

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Present-day solar photospheric logarithmic abundances (by number) as a function of atomic number, with H defined as log ϵH ≡ 12.00. For elements for which no photospheric determination has been possible the CI chondritic abundance is shown, corrected for the identified correlation with condensation temperature (Sect. 3.3). H and He are the most abundant elements on account of being produced in the Big Bang with some contribution to He from stellar H-burning. Prominent peaks occur around O, Fe, Ba, and Pb, while elements with an even atomic number have higher abundances than neighbouring odd elements (so-called odd-even effect) as a result of stellar evolution and nuclear physics (minimum nuclear binding energy and nuclei magic numbers). Li, F, and Sc have particularly low abundances relative to nearby elements on account of them being odd elements, having relatively low binding energy, and not being part of the main nucleosynthesis production channels in stars. We note that the unstable elements Tc (Z = 43) and Pm (Z = 61) are not shown.

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