Fig. 6

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Results of CatBoost (left panels) and WDNN (right panels) on the test sample (20% of the entire dataset). The upper row subplots present a comparison of SM estimates from the ML model with SM values obtained from the SDSS MPA-JHU DR8 catalogue. Errors in the results obtained by the ML models about the true values are displayed at the bottom of the subplots. The pink-shaded region indicates a 3σ scatter of the SM errors, with any data point falling outside these limits considered an outlier. In the bottom row, box plots illustrate errors across redshift values. In the residual plots, the dashed lines illustrate the best fit through the scatter plots.
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