Mass determination of two Jupiter-sized planets orbiting slightly evolved stars: TOI-2420 b and TOI-2485 b

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Volume 690 (October 2024)

A&A, 690 (2024) A18

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Table A.1

Model parameters and priors for TOI-2420 b’s joint fit

Parameter	Prior⁽^a⁾	Inferred paramter^(b)
TOI-2420 b’s sampled parameters
Orbital period P_orb (days)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [5.840, 5.845]	${5.842641}_{- 0.000013}^{+ 0.000015}$ $\[5.842641_{-0.000013}^{+0.000015}\]$
Transit epoch T₀ (BJD_TDB−2 450 000)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [8388.35, 8388.45]	8388.4119 ± 0.0013
e and ω polar parametrisation, $\sqrt{e} \cos ω$ $\[\sqrt{e} \cos \omega\]$	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [−1, 1]	${0.159}_{- 0.104}^{+ 0.074}$ $\[0.159_{-0.104}^{+0.074}\]$
e and ω polar parametrisation, $\sqrt{e} \sin ω$ $\[\sqrt{e} \sin \omega\]$	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [−1, 1]	${0.05}_{- 0.20}^{+ 0.16}$ $\[0.05_{-0.20}^{+0.16}\]$
Scaled planet radius R_p/R_*	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0.0, 0.2]	${0.05810}_{- 0.00083}^{+ 0.00098}$ $\[0.05810_{-0.00083}^{+0.00098}\]$
Impact parameter, b	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 1]	${0.849}_{- 0.025}^{+ 0.018}$ $\[0.849_{-0.025}^{+0.018}\]$
Stellar density ρ* (g cm⁻³)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0.01, 1]	${0.133}_{- 0.026}^{+ 0.036}$ $\[0.133_{-0.026}^{+0.036}\]$
Doppler semi-amplitude variation K (m s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 500]	${94.25}_{- 6.29}^{+ 6.58}$ $\[94.25_{-6.29}^{+6.58}\]$
Other sampled parameters
Offset CHIRON (km s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [15.31, 16.51]	${15.8940}_{- 0.0097}^{+ 0.0108}$ $\[15.8940_{-0.0097}^{+0.0108}\]$
Offset TULL (km s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [9.31, 10.51]	${10.2195}_{- 0.0059}^{+ 0.0060}$ $\[10.2195_{-0.0059}^{+0.0060}\]$
Offset MINERVA 3 (km s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [15.78, 17.26]	${16.5141}_{- 0.0094}^{+ 0.0092}$ $\[16.5141_{-0.0094}^{+0.0092}\]$
Offset MINERVA 4 (km s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [15.78, 17.26]	${16.502}_{- 0.017}^{+ 0.015}$ $\[16.502_{-0.017}^{+0.015}\]$
Offset MINERVA 5 (km s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [15.78, 17.26]	16.597 ± 0.023
Offset MINERVA 6 (km s⁻¹)	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [15.78, 17.26]	${16.552}_{- 0.013}^{+ 0.012}$ $\[16.552_{-0.013}^{+0.012}\]$
Jitter term σ-_CHIRON (m s⁻¹)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${35.96}_{- 7.31}^{+ 10.31}$ $\[35.96_{-7.31}^{+10.31}\]$
Jitter term σ_TULL (m s⁻¹)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${10.06}_{- 8.17}^{+ 10.39}$ $\[10.06_{-8.17}^{+10.39}\]$
Jitter term σ_M3 (m s⁻¹)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${50.72}_{- 8.74}^{+ 10.42}$ $\[50.72_{-8.74}^{+10.42}\]$
Jitter term σ_M4 (m s⁻¹)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${22.5}_{- 20.3}^{+ 28.5}$ $\[22.5_{-20.3}^{+28.5}\]$
Jitter term σ_M5 (m s⁻¹)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${5.76}_{- 4.96}^{+ 26.22}$ $\[5.76_{-4.96}^{+26.22}\]$
Jitter term σ_M6 (m s⁻¹)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${50.0}_{- 13.1}^{+ 13.4}$ $\[50.0_{-13.1}^{+13.4}\]$
TESS S03 limb-darkening coefficient q₁	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 1]	${0.096}_{- 0.063}^{+ 0.123}$ $\[0.096_{-0.063}^{+0.123}\]$
TESS S03 limb-darkening coefficient q₂	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0,1 ]	${0.34}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.35}$ $\[0.34_{-0.23}^{+0.35}\]$
TESS S30 limb-darkening coefficient q₁	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 1]	${0.089}_{- 0.062}^{+ 0.145}$ $\[0.089_{-0.062}^{+0.145}\]$
TESS S30 limb-darkening coefficient q₂	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 1]	${0.22}_{- 0.16}^{+ 0.23}$ $\[0.22_{-0.16}^{+0.23}\]$
LCO limb-darkening coefficient q₁	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 1]	${0.80}_{- 0.18}^{+ 0.14}$ $\[0.80_{-0.18}^{+0.14}\]$
LCO limb-darkening coefficient q₂	$U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [0, 1]	${0.470}_{- 0.149}^{+ 0.096}$ $\[0.470_{-0.149}^{+0.096}\]$
Jitter term σ_TESS,S03 (ppm)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${398.2}_{- 22.1}^{+ 27.5}$ $\[398.2_{-22.1}^{+27.5}\]$
Jitter term σ_TESS,S30 (ppm)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1, 100]	${858.8}_{- 25.1}^{+ 26.8}$ $\[858.8_{-25.1}^{+26.8}\]$
Jitter term σ_LCO (ppm)	$J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [1,100]	${2384.0}_{- 89.8}^{+ 91.5}$ $\[2384.0_{-89.8}^{+91.5}\]$
TOI-2420 b’s derived parameters
Planet mass M_p (M_J)	...	${0.927}_{- 0.079}^{+ 0.085}$ $\[0.927_{-0.079}^{+0.085}\]$
Planet radius R_p (R_J)	...	${1.340}_{- 0.072}^{+ 0.074}$ $\[1.340_{-0.072}^{+0.074}\]$
Planet density ρ_p (g cm⁻³)	...	${0.477}_{- 0.080}^{+ 0.099}$ $\[0.477_{-0.080}^{+0.099}\]$
Orbital eccentricity, e	...	${0.055}_{- 0.031}^{+ 0.036}$ $\[0.055_{-0.031}^{+0.036}\]$
Angle of periastron, ω(deg)	...	${15.5}_{- 64.4}^{+ 47.5}$ $\[15.5_{-64.4}^{+47.5}\]$
Scaled semi-major axis a/R*	...	${6.21}_{- 0.43}^{+ 0.51}$ $\[6.21_{-0.43}^{+0.51}\]$
Semi-major axis a (AU)	...	${0.0684}_{- 0.0059}^{+ 0.0067}$ $\[0.0684_{-0.0059}^{+0.0067}\]$
Time of periastron passage T_p (BJD-2450000)	...	8388.4119 ± 0.0013
Orbit inclination i_p (°)	...	${82.00}_{- 1.04}^{+ 0.98}$ $\[82.00_{-1.04}^{+0.98}\]$
Total transit duration τ₁₄ (hours)	...	${4.554}_{- 0.092}^{+ 0.093}$ $\[4.554_{-0.092}^{+0.093}\]$
Planet surface gravity g_p (cms⁻²)	...	$1346_{- 193}^{+ 251}$ $\[1346_{-193}^{+251}\]$
Equilibrium temperature T_eq (K)⁽^c⁾	...	${1571.6}_{- 64.0}^{+ 60.8}$ $\[1571.6_{-64.0}^{+60.8}\]$
Received irradiance (F_⊕)	...	$1017_{- 156}^{+ 167}$ $\[1017_{-156}^{+167}\]$

Notes. ^(a) $U$ $\[\mathcal{U}\]$ [a, b] refers to an uniform prior between a and b, $N$ $\[\mathcal{N}\]$ [a, b] to a Gaussian prior with mean a and standard deviation b, and $J$ $\[\mathcal{J}\]$ [a, b] to the modified Jeffrey’s prior as defined by Gregory (2005, eq. 16). ^(b)Inferred parameters and errors are defined as the median and 68.3% credible interval of the posterior distribution.^(c) Assuming a zero albedo.

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