Position in energy and z-angular momentum of the primary satellite’s debris, in grey for the DM and coloured for the stellar material. The solid lines give the median, and the 1σ (defined as 16–84%) is indicated by the shaded lines. With symbols, we indicate the position of their companions’ material at the present day through to their most bound particles at infall. The bright satellites are represented with star symbols, the dark subhaloes with peak masses higher than 10⁸ M_⊙, and smaller dark subhaloes with crosses (see Sect. 2). The top, middle, and bottom panels show examples of our early, GES-like, and mid analogue selections (see Sect. 3 for details). The side histograms show the energy distribution of the primary satellite’s stars (coloured), DM (light grey), and subhaloes (black).