Influence of Ω_p on the mean velocity and velocity dispersion maps for Au-23-85-50. The topmost two panels represent the mock mean velocity V_obs and velocity dispersion σ_obs maps. From the second row to the sixth row, each row denotes a model. The fourth row with Ω_p = 21 km s⁻¹ kpc⁻¹ represents the best-fitting model, while the remaining rows represent the model fitting results with only a change in Ω_p. From left to right: mean velocity V_model, standardised residual of mean velocity (V_model − V_obs)/V_obs, velocity dispersion σ_model, and standardised residual of velocity dispersion (σ_model − σ_obs)/σ_obs.