Quantifying thermal water dissociation in the dayside photosphere of WASP-121 b using NIRPS

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Volume 701 (September 2025)

A&A, 701 (2025) A276

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Table 2

Retrieved parameters from the free retrieval with their respective priors. The term 𝒰(a, b) represents a uniform prior from a to b.

Parameter [unit]	Value retrieved	Prior
log₁₀H₂O	$- {3.49}_{- 0.93}^{+ 0.99}$ $\[-3.49_{-0.93}^{+0.99}\]$	𝒰(−12, 0)
log₁₀OH	$- {3.59}_{- 1.08}^{+ 1.01}$ $\[-3.59_{-1.08}^{+1.01}\]$	𝒰(−12, 0)
log₁₀Fe	$- {2.91}_{- 1.36}^{+ 1.10}$ $\[-2.91_{-1.36}^{+1.10}\]$	𝒰(−12, 0)
log₁₀Mg	$- {2.75}_{- 1.37}^{+ 1.09}$ $\[-2.75_{-1.37}^{+1.09}\]$	𝒰(−12, 0)
log₁₀H⁻	< −6.06 (3 σ limit)	𝒰(−12, 0)
log₁₀e⁻	$- {7.11}_{- 3.40}^{+ 4.14}$ $\[-7.11_{-3.40}^{+4.14}\]$	𝒰(−12, 0)
K_p [km s⁻¹]	${217.21}_{- 0.62}^{+ 0.63}$ $\[217.21_{-0.62}^{+0.63}\]$	𝒰(186, 246) ¹
V_sys [km s⁻¹]	38.04 ± 0.52	𝒰(18.36, 58.36) ²
ΔV_sys,H₂O [km s⁻¹]	${4.79}_{- 0.97}^{+ 0.93}$ $\[4.79_{-0.97}^{+0.93}\]$	𝒰(−15, 15)
T₁, T₂, ..., T₁₀ [K]	(see Fig. 5)	𝒰(1, 8500) ³

Notes. ¹ Centred around 216.0 km s⁻¹ (Hoeijmakers et al. 2020) ² Centred around 38.36 km s⁻¹ (Brown et al. 2018) ³ With additional smoothing prior with σ_smooth = 350 K dex⁻² (Pelletier et al. 2021).

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