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Fig. 10

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Comparison between the standard VDFS-reduced VIDEO image (top) and the NASIM-processed version (bottom) for the field containing NGC 895. The panels reveal a clear improvement in background uniformity and the recovery of extended LSB features in the NASIM reduction. The outer regions of NGC,895, which appear truncated in the VDFS image due to over-subtraction, are fully recovered. Ghost-like residuals seen in the standard reduction – likely caused by persistence effects from the bright galaxy, are absent in the NASIM result, demonstrating the effectiveness of the adaptive flat-fielding approach. Although the background is not perfectly uniform due to the original observing strategy, which was not optimised for NASIM’s flat-fielding method, significant improvements are still evident. Zoom-in panels highlight differences in the treatment of both the main galaxy and a nearby dwarf galaxy (LEDA 3098171).

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