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Fig. 11.

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Fraction of light in IGL compared to the total group light (fIGL) of the KiDS+GAMA groups at different redshifts from the 0th order (p0) background-subtracted images. fIGL from this work along with previous works on individual galaxy groups and clusters (grey markers). The x-axis indicates the mean halo mass Mh of the host systems (previous works) or the corresponding bins (this work). Pink, yellow, and cyan shaded regions show the upper and lower limits of fIGL for the redshift ranges 0.09 < z < 0.15, 0.16 < z < 0.21, and 0.21 < z < 0.27, respectively.

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