Fig. 5
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Escape from resonance in a two-planet system with convergent migration. The planet and disk parameters are mi=1 M⊕, mo=10 M⊕, τm=5 × 105 yr and τm/τe=200. The system is temporarily trapped in a 2:1 MMR during t~2–3 × 104 yr, and the inner planet reaches the equilibrium eccentricity with growing amplitude. The system escapes from resonance afterward, with ei quickly damping to a very low value. Similarly, φi features an increasing libration amplitude during the trap and eventually oscillates from 0 to 2π. In phase space, the trajectory initially librates around the right fixed point (black dot). As the amplitude grows, it ultimately escapes from the fixed point and settles into the origin. See https://github.com/llh-astro/resonance/raw/main/gif/escape.gif
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