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Fig. 4

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Stellar He I 10 833 Å line observed with CARMENES (top), CRIRES+ (middle), and the equivalent widths of the line core across orbital phases (bottom). Dashed lines in the top and middle panels indicate the vacuum wavelengths of the helium triplet, while solid lines mark the line core region used for EW calculations. Observations from this study (squares and dots in the bottom panel) show no significant variability in the stellar helium triplet. We interpret the data points as a baseline of spectra uncontaminated by planetary absorption, yielding a weighted mean EW of (190.5 ± 2.5) mÅ (green line). For reference, we include the estimated mid-transit equivalent width based on the observations by Kirk et al. (2022), obtained by adding the reported planetary excess to the stellar baseline measured from our data.

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