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Fig. 6

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Giant planet fraction at all semi-major axes as a function of stellar mass and disc size. With or without viscous heating, the giant planet fraction increases with increasing stellar mass for all disc sizes where a giant planet can form to begin with. The lower stellar mass limit for giant planet formation is 0.5 M in both models. In the irradiated case (left), the lower disc size limit for giant planets to form is 60 AU (90 AU for M = 0.5 M). In contrast, when viscous heating is included, the lower disc size limit is as low as 30 AU for solar-mass stars and above, while it is 60 AU for stars with M = 0.5 M.

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