Multimodal atmospheric characterization of β Pictoris b - Adding high-resolution continuum spectra from GRAVITY

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Volume 704 (December 2025)

A&A, 704 (2025) A325

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Table 1

Physical properties of the β Pictoris system.

β Pictoris A		Refs.
Spectral type	A6V	(a)
T_eff (K)	$7890_{- 17}^{+ 13}$ $7890_{ - 17}^{ + 13}$	(h)
log(g) (dex)	${3.83}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.03}$ $3.83_{ - 0.02}^{ + 0.03}$	(h)
[M/H] (dex)	$- {0.21}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.03}$ $- 0.21_{ - 0.02}^{ + 0.03}$	(h)
Distance (pc)	19.8294 ± 0.0571	(j)
Age (Myr)	23 ± 3	(d)
Mass (M_⨀)	${1.75}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.03}$ $1.75_{ - 0.02}^{ + 0.03}$	(i)

β Pictoris b

Spectral type	L2 ± 2	(b)
T_eff (K)	1742 ± 10	(e)
log(g) (dex)	${4.34}_{- 0.09}^{+ 0.08} %$ $4.34_{ - 0.09}^{ + 0.08}$	(e)
[M/H] (dex)	${0.68}_{- 0.08}^{+ 0.11}$ $0.68_{ - 0.08}^{ + 0.11}$	(e)
C/O	${0.43}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.04}$ $0.43_{ - 0.03}^{ + 0.04}$	(e)
Semi-major axis (au)	9.93 ± 0.03	(i)
Eccentricity	0.103 ± 0.003	(i)
Inclination (°)	89.00 ± 0.01	(i)
Period (days)	8634 ± 84	(i)
Mass (M_Jup)	${11.9}_{- 3.04}^{+ 2.93}$ $11.9_{ - 3.04}^{ + 2.93}$	(i)

β Pictoris c

T_eff (K)	1250 ± 50	(f)
log(g) (dex)	~ 4.0	(f)
Semi-major axis (au)	2.68 ± 0.02	(i)
Eccentricity	0.32 ± 0.02	(i)
Inclination (°)	${88.95}_{- 0.10}^{+ 0.09}$ $88.95_{ - 0.10}^{ + 0.09}$	(i)
Period (days)	1210 ± 17	(i)
Mass (M_Jup)	8.89 ± 0.75	(i)

Dust disk

Location (au)	20–1000	(g)
Inclination (°)	${85.27}_{- 0.19}^{+ 0.26}$ $85.27_{ - 0.19}^{ + 0.26}$	(c)
Position angle (°)	${30.35}_{- 0.13}^{+ 0.14}$ $30.35_{ - 0.13}^{ + 0.14}$	(c)

Notes. The atmospheric parameters given here are taken from the two GRAVITY collaboration papers using atmospheric models (refer to Table B.4 for evolutionary models predictions). ^(a)Gray et al. (2006), ^(b)Bonnefoy et al. (2013), ^(c)Millar-Blanchaer et al. (2015), ^(d) Mamajek&Bell (2014), ^(e)GRAVITY Collaboration (2020), ^(f)Nowak et al. (2020), ^(g)Janson et al. (2021), ^(h)Swastik et al. (2021), ⁽ⁱ)Lacour et al. (2021) and ^(j)Gaia Collaboration (2023).

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