Multimodal atmospheric characterization of β Pictoris b - Adding high-resolution continuum spectra from GRAVITY

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Volume 704 (December 2025)

A&A, 704 (2025) A325

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Table B.2

Grid priors and posteriors for the "physically informed" approach.

Parameter	T_eff (K)	log(g) (dex)	[M/H]	C/O	γ	f_sed	log(¹²C/¹³C)	log(L/L_⊙) (dex)
Exo-REM priors	U (1200, 2000)	G (4.18,0.13)	U (− 0.5, 1)	U(0.4, 0.65)			U(1.0, 2.6)
Exo-REM posteriors
GRAVITY	B (1554.90, 1597.54)	B(4.20, 4.39)	B (0.67, 0.81)	0.56 ± 0.01			< 1.07	−3.95 ± 0.05
… + GPI, phot	${1514.21}_{- 4.74}^{+ 4.71}$ $1514.21_{ - 4.74}^{ + 4.71}$	4.04 ± 0.03	0.60 ± 0.03	0.556 ± 0.005			< 1.07	$- {4.00}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $- 4.00_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.04}$
… + SPHERE	${1494.78}_{- 7.88}^{+ 6.89}$ $1494.78_{ - 7.88}^{ + 6.89}$	B(3.86, 4.03)	B(0.60, 0.85)	> 0.648			< 1.08	$- {4.02}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $- 4.02_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.04}$
… + MATISSE	${1502.49}_{- 2.38}^{+ 2.41}$ $1502.49_{ - 2.38}^{ + 2.41}$	${4.01}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.02}$ $4.01_{ - 0.01}^{ + 0.02}$	${0.51}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.02}$ $0.51_{ - 0.01}^{ + 0.02}$	${0.553}_{- 0.002}^{+ 0.003}$ $0.553_{ - 0.002}^{ + 0.003}$			< 1.04	$- {4.01}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $- 4.01_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.04}$
… + MIRI	${1502.43}_{- 2.34}^{+ 2.48}$ $1502.43_{ - 2.34}^{ + 2.48}$	${4.01}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.02}$ $4.01_{ - 0.01}^{ + 0.02}$	${0.51}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.02}$ $0.51_{ - 0.01}^{ + 0.02}$	${0.553}_{- 0.002}^{+ 0.003}$ $0.553_{ - 0.002}^{ + 0.003}$			< 1.04	$- {4.01}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $- 4.01_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.04}$
… + SINFONI	${1502.74}_{- 2.14}^{+ 2.32}$ $1502.74_{ - 2.14}^{ + 2.32}$	4.00 ± 0.01	0.50 ± 0.01	${0.552}_{- 0.002}^{+ 0.003}$ $0.552_{ - 0.002}^{ + 0.003}$			${1.12}_{- 0.08}^{+ 0.11}$ $1.12_{ - 0.08}^{ + 0.11}$	$- {4.01}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $- 4.01_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.04}$

ATMO priors	U (1400, 1900)	G(4.18, 0.13)	U(−0.6, 0.6)		U(1.01, 1.05)
ATMO posteriors
GRAVITY	> 1897.88	3.70 ± 0.04	< −0.596		1.0194 ± 0.0002			−3.62 ± 0.04
… + GPI, phot	${1840.78}_{- 6.99}^{+ 8.31}$ $1840.78_{ - 6.99}^{ + 8.31}$	${3.55}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $3.55_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.04}$	< −0.596		1.0194 ± 0.0002			$- {3.68}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.05}$ $- 3.68_{ - 0.04}^{ + 0.05}$
… + SPHERE	${1838.74}_{- 8.62}^{+ 7.46}$ $1838.74_{ - 8.62}^{ + 7.46}$	3.54 ± 0.04	< −0.596		1.0194 ± 0.0002			$- {3.69}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.05}$ $- 3.69_{ - 0.04}^{ + 0.05}$
… + MATISSE	> 1893.17	< 3.50	< −0.6		1.0149 ± 0.0001			$- {3.65}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.05}$ $- 3.65_{ - 0.04}^{ + 0.05}$
… + MIRI	> 1893.27	< 3.50	< −0.6		1.0149 ± 0.0001			−3.66 ± 0.05
… + SINFONI	> 1897.68	< 3.50	< −0.6		1.0153 ± 0.0001			$- {3.67}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.06}$ $- 3.67_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.06}$

BT-Settl priors	U(1400, 2000)	G(4.18, 0.13)		U(0.2754, 1.096)
BT-Settl posteriors
GRAVITY	${1661.71}_{- 4.59}^{+ 4.23}$ $1661.71_{ - 4.59}^{ + 4.23}$	3.66 ± 0.03		0.62 ± 0.01				−3.84 ± 0.04
…+GPI, phot	${1748.80}_{- 3.65}^{+ 3.76}$ $1748.80_{ - 3.65}^{ + 3.76}$	3.69 ± 0.02		0.59 ± 0.01				−3.78 ± 0.05
…+SPHERE	${1748.37}_{- 3.52}^{+ 3.71}$ $1748.37_{ - 3.52}^{ + 3.71}$	3.69 ± 0.02		0.59 ± 0.01				−3.79 ± 0.05
…+MATISSE	${1714.55}_{- 2.78}^{+ 2.68}$ $1714.55_{ - 2.78}^{ + 2.68}$	< 3.50		0.71 ± 0.01				−3.82 ± 0.05
…+MIRI	${1714.48}_{- 2.67}^{+ 2.74}$ $1714.48_{ - 2.67}^{ + 2.74}$	< 3.50		0.71 ± 0.01				−3.83 ± 0.05
…+SINFONI	${1714.87}_{- 2.63}^{+ 2.69}$ $1714.87_{ - 2.63}^{ + 2.69}$	< 3.50		0.691 ± 0.005				−3.83 ± 0.05

Sonora priors	U(900, 2400)	G(4.18, 0.13)	U(−0.5, 0.5)			U (1, 8)
Sonora posteriors
GRAVITY	${1613.36}_{- 9.14}^{+ 10.11}$ $1613.36_{ - 9.14}^{ + 10.11}$	${4.48}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.06}$ $4.48_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.06}$	> 0.483			< 1.03		−3.90 ± 0.04
…+GPI, phot	${1521.11}_{- 6.36}^{+ 6.61}$ $1521.11_{ - 6.36}^{ + 6.61}$	4.24 ± 0.04	> 0.492			< 1.03		−4.00 ± 0.04
…+SPHERE	${1520.36}_{- 6.06}^{+ 6.33}$ $1520.36_{ - 6.06}^{ + 6.33}$	4.24 ± 0.04	> 0.493			< 1.03		−4.01 ± 0.04
…+MATISSE	${1584.92}_{- 7.46}^{+ 7.68}$ $1584.92_{ - 7.46}^{ + 7.68}$	4.58 ± 0.02	> 0.497			< 1.01		−3.94 ± 0.05
…+MIRI	${1585.09}_{- 7.85}^{+ 7.53}$ $1585.09_{ - 7.85}^{ + 7.53}$	4.57 ± 0.02	> 0.497			< 1.01		−3.94 ± 0.05
…+SINFONI	${1590.80}_{- 6.88}^{+ 5.96}$ $1590.80_{ - 6.88}^{ + 5.96}$	4.57 ± 0.02	> 0.496			< 1.01		−3.94 ± 0.05

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