Illustration of wavelet scattering transform applied to cirrus images, adapted from Figure 4 of Cheng & Ménard (2021). The input field is “scattered” through convolution with a bank of Morlet wavelets at different scales j and orientations θ (not displayed for clarity), followed by a nonlinear operation (modulus). The output fields are shown up to j₂ = 3. The scattering coefficient S_n is computed by taking the spatial average of the output field. Only j₂ > j₁ coefficients are used.