Fig. 6.
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Mock surface brightness, stellar kinematic, age, and metallicity maps (left panels), best-fitting model for Au-23-85-50 (middle panels), and residuals (right panels). From top to bottom: Normalised surface brightness, logΣ; mean velocity, V; velocity dispersion, σ; third-order, h3, and fourth-order, h4, Gauss-Hermite coefficients; stellar age, t; and stellar metallicity, Z. The residuals for surface brightness are relative deviations, while those for kinematics and stellar populations are standardised residuals. The surface brightness and kinematic maps are the same as Fig. 6 of Jin et al. (2025).
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