Overdense fireworks in GOODS-N: Unveiling a record number of massive dusty star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 5.2 with the N2CLS

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Volume 705 (January 2026)

A&A, 705 (2026) A214

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Table 3.

N2CLS galaxies identified in the overdensity.

NIKA2 ID	Alt.^†	RA	Dec	$z_{s, p}^{‡}$ $z_{\mathrm{s,p}}^{\ddagger}$	$z_{p}^{h}$ $z_{\mathrm{p}}^{h}$	Comment
		[hh:mm:ss]	[dd:mm:ss]
N2GN_1_01	GN10, S2	12:36:33.44	62:14:08.7	5.303^s		Optically dark
N2GN_1_06	HDF850.1	12:36:51.99	62:12:25.7	5.185^s		Optically dark
N2GN_1_13	GN32	12:36:58.61	62:14:51.1	5.182^s		Optically dark
N2GN_1_23	GN15, S3	12:36:56.54	62:12:07.5	5.179^s		Optically dark
N2GN_1_61	P-40	12:36:57.48	62:16:54.4	5.201^s		Optically dark

N2GN_1_43		12:37:11.95	62:11:19.7	5.87 ± 0.38^p	5.31 $_{- 0.86}^{+ 1.33}$ $_{-0.86}^{+1.33}$	Optically dark
N2GN_1_26	GN38	12:37:41.14	62:12:20.4	5.31 ± 0.08^p	4.87 $_{- 0.19}^{+ 0.21}$ $_{-0.19}^{+0.21}$
N2GN_1_57	HRG14	12:37:31.69	62:16:16.5	5.30 ± 0.18^p	5.18 $_{- 0.20}^{+ 0.19}$ $_{-0.20}^{+ 0.19}$

Notes. The majority are not detected in the deepest HST image, which reaches a 5σ depth of 27.3 mag in F160W (Barro et al. 2019). These sources are labelled ‘Optically dark’.

^†The HDF850, GN, HRG14, S and P- nomenclatures were defined by Hughes et al. (1998), Pope et al. (2005), Finkelstein et al. (2015), Xiao et al. (2024), Greve et al. (2008).

^‡s: spectroscopic redshift and p: photometric redshift, from B25;

^hphotometric redshift from New-Hyperz.

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