The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) - III. The vertical structure of debris disks

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Volume 705 (January 2026)

A&A, 705 (2026) A197

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Table 4

Stellar, disk, and parametric model properties with derived solid mass and stirring estimates.

Source	M_* [M_⨀]	θ_min [au]	R_ref [au]	H_HWHM(R_ref) [au]	M_mm [M_⨁]	M_disk [M_⨁]	M_stir [M_⨁]	R_stir [km]	T_stir [Myr]
HD 9672	2.00	4.16	110.1	5.06	4.95 × 10⁻¹	86.6 ± 15.5	${3.11}_{- 1.34}^{+ 1.85} \times 10^{- 4}$ $3.11_{ - 1.34}^{ + 1.85} \times {10^{ - 4}}$	$606_{- 104}^{+ 102}$ $606_{ - 104}^{ + 102}$	1.23
HD 10647	1.12	3.67	88.2	4.67	4.07 × 10⁻²	19.8 ± 2.6	${2.72}_{- 0.97}^{+ 1.10} \times 10^{- 4}$ $2.72_{ - 0.97}^{ + 1.10} \times {10^{ - 4}}$	$579_{- 79}^{+ 69}$ $579_{ - 79}^{ + 69}$	0.43
HD 14055	2.19	3.09	160.6	8.51	5.56 × 10⁻²	25.3 ± 4.2	${3.18}_{- 1.18}^{+ 1.53} \times 10^{- 4}$ $3.18_{ - 1.18}^{ + 1.53} \times {10^{ - 4}}$	$609_{- 88}^{+ 85}$ $609_{ - 88}^{ + 85}$	40.0
HD 15115	1.43	3.05	97.9	2.15	6.17 × 10⁻³	3.72 ± 0.26	${2.51}_{- 0.46}^{+ 0.48} \times 10^{- 5}$ $2.51_{ - 0.46}^{ + 0.48} \times {10^{ - 5}}$	$261_{- 17}^{+ 16}$ $261_{ - 17}^{ + 16}$	13.5
HD 32297	1.57	2.85	107.3	0.987	1.22 × 10⁰	21.9 ± 3.0	${1.81}_{- 0.61}^{+ 0.83} \times 10^{- 6}$ $1.81_{ - 0.61}^{ + 0.83} \times {10^{ - 6}}$	$109_{- 14}^{+ 15}$ $109_{ - 14}^{ + 15}$	76.6
HD 39060	1.72	3.46	116.1	13.0	1.83 × 10⁻¹	104 ± 5	${3.32}_{- 0.12}^{+ 0.12} \times 10^{- 3}$ $3.32_{ - 0.12}^{ + 0.12} \times {10^{ - 3}}$	$1333_{- 16}^{+ 16}$ $1333_{ - 16}^{ + 16}$	0.10
HD 61005	0.95	2.81	70.0	1.00	1.26 × 10⁻¹	10.2 ± 1.7	${6.02}_{- 2.28}^{+ 2.94} \times 10^{- 6}$ $6.02_{ - 2.28}^{ + 2.94} \times {10^{ - 6}}$	$163_{- 24}^{+ 23}$ $163_{ - 24}^{ + 23}$	6.38
HD 76582	1.61	18.51	188.5	36.2	2.25 × 10⁻¹	114 ± 12	${7.26}_{- 0.96}^{+ 1.12} \times 10^{- 3}$ $7.26_{ - 0.96}^{ + 1.12} \times {10^{ - 3}}$	$1730_{- 80}^{+ 85}$ $1730_{ - 80}^{ + 85}$	1.20
HD 109573	2.14	3.63	77.6	0.636	4.68 × 10⁻²	7.21 ± 3.1	${3.31}_{- 2.80}^{+ 5.92} \times 10^{- 6}$ $3.31_{ - 2.80}^{ + 5.92} \times {10^{ - 6}}$	$133_{- 62}^{+ 54}$ $133_{ - 62}^{ + 54}$	6.86
HD 131488	1.81	3.32	90.8	0.536	2.75 × 10⁻¹	9.01 ± 1.64	${7.41}_{- 3.18}^{+ 4.80} \times 10^{- 7}$ $7.41_{ - 3.18}^{ + 4.80} \times {10^{ - 7}}$	$81_{- 14}^{+ 15}$ $81_{ - 14}^{ + 15}$	70.5
HD 131835	1.70	9.75	69.2	1.52	4.08 × 10⁻¹	49.7 ± 15.3	${5.30}_{- 3.12}^{+ 6.53} \times 10^{- 5}$ $5.30_{ - 3.12}^{ + 6.53} \times {10^{ - 5}}$	$330_{- 90}^{+ 105}$ $330_{ - 90}^{ + 105}$	0.07
HD 161868	2.11	11.57	141.9	27.2	2.29 × 10⁻²	87.1 ± 27.0	${1.68}_{- 0.39}^{+ 0.33} \times 10^{- 2}$ $1.68_{ - 0.39}^{ + 0.33} \times {10^{ - 2}}$	$2288_{- 190}^{+ 143}$ $2288_{ - 190}^{ + 143}$	0.10
HD 197481	0.61	1.86	36.3	0.102	1.49 × 10⁻²	0.830 ± 0.179	${6.01}_{- 1.38}^{+ 7.62} \times 10^{- 8}$ $6.01_{ - 1.38}^{ + 7.62} \times {10^{ - 8}}$	$35_{- 3}^{+ 11}$ $35_{ - 3}^{ + 11}$	117

Notes. Left: The stellar mass M_⋆, nominal data resolution θ_min, reference radius R_ref, scale height H_HWHM, and millimeter dust mass M_mm for each source. R_ref is the location of peak brightness in the fiducial parametric model, and the location at which we report the fiducial scale height. M_mm is obtained from our fiducial parametric models. Right: Estimated total mass of disk solids M_disk assuming only internal processes (self-stirring, damping, etc.) are derived from the Pan & Schlichting (2012) collisional cascade model. Estimates on the lower limits of the largest stirring bodies in the disks (M_stir and R_stir) are obtained from Eqs. (12) and (13). The stirring timescale T_stir is computed as described in Sect. 5.2.

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