RMSL adapted from Zarka et al. (2018) on which only the Satellite-Planet scaling law is drawn as the dashed blue line. The points corresponding to auroral planetary radio emissions are left for information. Predicted average radio power due to star–planet interaction for the three studied systems are added to the RMSL: Tau Boo (orange), HD 179949 (gray), and HD 189733 (red), compared with observed radio powers in the Solar System (circle marker). Colored boxes show model ranges obtained by varying the planetary magnetic field B_p from negligible to 40 G; the box edges are the extrema on both axes. Diamonds mark the log–midpoint (geometric center) of each box.