Table 1.
Binary fraction in the sub-phases of the red-giant star evolution.
| Evolutionary state | Full Sample | Mag. Limited (M/M⊙ ≤ 1.8) | Mag. Limited (M/M⊙ > 1.8) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stars | Stars | Bin.Sys. | Bin.Frac. | Stars | Bin.Sys. | Bin.Frac. | |
| MS & SG (oscillation detected) | 620 | 620 | 195 | 31.5% | – | – | – |
| MS & SG (no oscillation) | 663 | 663 | 270 | 40.7% | – | – | – |
| H-shell burning (RGB) | 7191 | 5331 | 438 | 8.2% | 447 | 43 | 9.6% |
| low-luminosity RGB | 4103 | 3209 | 310 | 9.7% | 139 | 18 | 12.9% |
| high-luminosity RGB | 3088 | 2122 | 128 | 6.0% | 308 | 25 | 8.1% |
| He-core buring (RC & 2RC) | 5560 | 3881 | 200 | 5.2% | 982 | 134 | 13.6% |
Notes. The left panel specifies the evolutionary states and gives the number of all stars with this identified phase in the catalog. The red-giant stars are based on APOKASC 3 (Pinsonneault et al. 2025), while the MS dwarfs and subgiants are taken from the sample of Mathur et al. (2022). For the RGB, we first provide the full range and then separate between the case of the low- (νmax ≥ 30 μHz) and high-luminosity regime (νmax < 30 μHz). The center and right panel separate the stars by their mass regimes leading to the degenerated (M/M⊙ ≤ 1.8) and non-degenerated (M/M⊙ > 1.8) ignition of the He core, respectively. Both panels’ first, second, and third columns indicate the number of stars, binaries identified through the Binary Union Flag (Godoy-Rivera et al. 2025), and the corresponding binary fraction in percent for the respective evolutionary state.
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