Fig. A.1

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Top: Probability density function vs. semimajor axis for bound particles after a single stellar flyby. The histograms are shown for encounters with an A-type star (2 M⊙, blue), a B-type star (5 M⊙, green dashed and 9 M⊙, orange), compared with the initial disk (gray). The inset shows kernel density estimates (KDEs). Bottom: Cumulative ejection fraction as a function of the initial semimajor axis a0 for the same stellar flybys at a pericenter distance of q⋆ = 90 au.
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