MSP populations in selected GCs. Top: MSP-to-bound NS ratio. Colours correspond to individual clusters as shown in the legend of Fig. 2, and colour dashed lines connect multiple estimates for the same cluster. Filled circles represent observed MSPs and open triangles show theoretical predictions. The red dashed line indicates the median value, while the shaded region represents the median absolute deviation (MAD) range. Lower panel: number of MSPs in the selected GCs. Star symbols denote MSP numbers predicted in this work, computed as N_MSP = 0.0114 × N_Bound NS based on our simulation results.