Densities of small planets around the M dwarfs TOI-4336 A and TOI-4342 with ESPRESSO - Three sub-Neptunes, one super-Earth, and a Neptune-mass candidate

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Volume 708 (April 2026)

A&A, 708 (2026) A81

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Table B.1

Median values and 68% confidence intervals of the posterior distributions of the RV fit of TOI-4336 A.

Parameter	Prior	Value
TOI-4336 A b Parameters
Orbital period, P_b (days)…….	𝒩(16.336351, 0.000017)	16.336351 ± 0.000017
Transit epoch, T_0,b (RJD)…….	𝒩(59335.57275, 0.00046)	59335.57274 ± 0.00046
RV semi amplitude, K_b (m/s)…	𝒰(0, 10)	$1 . 85_{- 0.20}^{+ 0.18}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.85_{-0.20}^{+0.18}$$
Eccentricity, e_b … … … … ….	Fixed	0.0(<0.45, 3σ)
Argument of periastron, ω_b (deg)	Fixed	90.0
TOI-4336 A c Parameters
Orbital period, P_c (days) … ….	𝒩(7.587266, 0.000012)	7.587266 ± 0.000012
Transit epoch, T_0,c (RJD) … ….	𝒩(59333.2931, 0.0015)	59333.2931 ± 0.0015
RV semi amplitude, K_c (m/s) …	𝒰(0, 10)	$1 . 114_{- 0.094}^{+ 0.093}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.114_{-0.094}^{+0.093}$$
Eccentricity, e_c…… …… ….	Fixed	0.0(<0.35, 3σ)
Argument of periastron, ω_c (deg)	Fixed	90.0
Gaussian Process Parameters
A₁ (m/s)………………….	𝒰(0, 10)	$4 . 2_{- 1.4}^{+ 2.5}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.2_{-1.4}^{+2.5}$$
A₂ (km/s)………………..	𝒰(0, 10)	$1 . 24_{- 0.32}^{+ 0.51}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.24_{-0.32}^{+0.51}$$
B₂ (K)…………………..	𝒰(0, 10)	$0 . 0078_{- 0.0020}^{+ 0.0036}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.0078_{-0.0020}^{+0.0036}$$
O_amp,1……………………	log 𝒰(0.001, 10)	$1 . 98_{- 0.77}^{+ 1.4}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.98_{-0.77}^{+1.4}$$
O_amp,2……………………	log 𝒰(0.001, 10)	$0 . 33_{- 0.15}^{+ 0.13}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.33_{-0.15}^{+0.13}$$
P_dec (days)……………….	𝒰(40, 300)	$68_{- 18}^{+ 26}$ $Mathematical equation: $68_{-18}^{+26}$$
P_rot (days)………………..	𝒰(10, 100)	35.5 ± 1.1
Instrument Offsets and Jitters
σ_RV (m/s)………………..	𝒰(0.001, 62)^*	$0 . 16_{- 0.10}^{+ 0.11}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.16_{-0.10}^{+0.11}$$
μ_RV (m/s)………………..	𝒰(7938, 27948)^*	17943.42 ± 2.5
σ_{ΔT_{3500 K}} (K)……………..	𝒰(0.001, 20)^*	$0 . 410_{- 0.064}^{+ 0.084}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.410_{-0.064}^{+0.084}$$
μ_{ΔT_{3500 K}} (K)………………	𝒰(−10000, 10000)^*	$0 . 34_{- 0.46}^{+ 0.52}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.34_{-0.46}^{+0.52}$$
σ_FWHM (km/s)…………….	𝒰(0.00, 0.07)^*	$0 . 00264_{- 0.00036}^{+ 0.00046}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.00264_{-0.00036}^{+0.00046}$$
μ_FWHM (km/s)…………….	𝒰(−10000, 10000)^*	$4 . 9741_{- 0.0030}^{+ 0.0031}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.9741_{-0.0030}^{+0.0031}$$

Notes. 𝒩(μ, σ²) indicates a normal distribution with mean μ and variance σ², 𝒰(a, b) a uniform distribution between a and b, log 𝒰(a, b) a log-uniform distribution between a and b. ^* Automatically determined by PyOrbit.

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