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Fig. 5.

Fig. 5. Refer to the following caption and surrounding text.

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Dispersion relations of the Rossby modes inside the RZ with  = m (navy blue),  = m + 1 (red), and  = m + 2 (dark green) for azimuthal orders 1 ≤ m ≤ 16. The frequencies are measured in the Carrington frame. Plus symbols (nRZ = 0) and open circles (nRZ = 4) denote modes with different numbers of radial nodes, nRZ, in the region 0.5 R ≤ r ≤ 0.71 R. Solid grey curves represent the theoretical dispersion relations of the classical Rossby modes ω , m R Mathematical equation: $ \omega^{\mathrm{R}}_{\ell,\,m} $ given by Eq. (14). The dashed black line denotes the maximum possible value of ω , m R Mathematical equation: $ \omega^{\mathrm{R}}_{\ell,\,m} $.

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