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Fig. 2.

Fig. 2. Refer to the following caption and surrounding text.

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Mass-transfer rates (left) and angular momentum loss rates (middle) as a function of orbital period and the mass-radius relation (right) predicted by our model for a fixed value of the boosting parameter (K = 20) and different values for disruption (1 ≤ η ≤ 20). The tracks have been calculated assuming typical parameters, i.e., an initial donor mass and period of M2 = 0.8 M and Porb = 1 day, respectively, and a constant white dwarf mass of MWD = 0.83 M. The mass-radius relation derived from observations (McAllister et al. 2019) is reasonably well reproduced regardless of the value of η (right), but the fit improves for η = 2 − 3 according to a χ2 test (see text). This moderate disruption is also required to generate a detached phase as an explanation for the orbital period gap (Knigge et al. 2011; Schreiber et al. 2024, shaded region and dashed vertical lines in the left and middle panels). These values of η also predict a period minimum similar to that derived from observations (Knigge et al. 2011; McAllister et al. 2019, dotted and dashed-dotted vertical lines). This mild disruption is very different to (almost) fully turning magnetic braking off as assumed in the standard scenario of CV evolution. By fitting the mass-radius relation (right panel), we predict mass-transfer rates above the gap that exceed those measured from white dwarf temperatures on average (Pala et al. 2022, left panel).

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