Charting circumstellar chemistry of carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch stars - III. SiO and SiS abundances

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Volume 709 (May 2026)

A&A, 709 (2026) A216

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Table 3

Isotopic ratios.

Ratio	Species	Source
Ratio	Species			15194–5115	15082–4808	07454–7112	AFGL 3068	IRC +10 216	Solar^(a)
²⁸Si/²⁹Si	SiO	${22.9}_{- 12.4}^{+ 8.3}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[22.9_{-12.4}^{+8.3}\]$$	${21.4}_{- 10.9}^{+ 8.7}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[21.4_{-10.9}^{+8.7}\]$$	${18.7}_{- 8.4}^{+ 10.3}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[18.7_{-8.4}^{+10.3}\]$$	−	${22.0}_{- 19.1}^{+ 15.4}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[22.0_{-19.1}^{+15.4}\]$$	20
	SiS	${24.2}_{- 15.6}^{+ 10.7}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[24.2_{-15.6}^{+10.7}\]$$	${26.1}_{- 17.7}^{+ 10.3}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[26.1_{-17.7}^{+10.3}\]$$	${19.2}_{- 9.8}^{+ 10.9}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[19.2_{-9.8}^{+10.9}\]$$	${16.0}_{- ↓}^{+ ↑}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[16.0_{-\downarrow}^{+\uparrow}\]$$	${21.0}_{- 12.8}^{+ 11.6}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[21.0_{-12.8}^{+11.6}\]$$
²⁸Si/³⁰Si	SiO	${34.8}_{- 19.2}^{+ 12.4}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[34.8_{-19.2}^{+12.4}\]$$	${28.1}_{- 11.0}^{+ 13.3}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[28.1_{-11.0}^{+13.3}\]$$	${27.5}_{- 11.8}^{+ 15.4}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[27.5_{-11.8}^{+15.4}\]$$	−	${29.1}_{- 20.1}^{+ 21.6}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[29.1_{-20.1}^{+21.6}\]$$	30
	SiS	−	${31.1}_{- 16.9}^{+ 16.2}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[31.1_{-16.9}^{+16.2}\]$$	${30.0}_{- 16.6}^{+ 16.6}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[30.0_{-16.6}^{+16.6}\]$$	${24.0}_{- ↓}^{+ ↑}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[24.0_{-\downarrow}^{+\uparrow}\]$$	${29.2}_{- 16.2}^{+ 17.1}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[29.2_{-16.2}^{+17.1}\]$$
²⁹Si/³⁰Si	SiO	${1.5}_{- 0.7}^{+ 0.7}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.5_{-0.7}^{+0.7}\]$$	${1.3}_{- 0.5}^{+ 0.7}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.3_{-0.5}^{+0.7}\]$$	${1.4}_{- 0.7}^{+ 0.7}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.4_{-0.7}^{+0.7}\]$$	−	${1.3}_{- 0.9}^{+ 1.1}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.3_{-0.9}^{+1.1}\]$$	1.5
	SiS	−	${1.2}_{- 0.5}^{+ 0.8}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.2_{-0.5}^{+0.8}\]$$	${1.6}_{- 0.9}^{+ 0.8}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.6_{-0.9}^{+0.8}\]$$	${1.5}_{- ↓}^{+ ↑}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.5_{-\downarrow}^{+\uparrow}\]$$	${1.4}_{- 0.7}^{+ 0.9}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.4_{-0.7}^{+0.9}\]$$
³²S/³⁴S	SiS	${22.2}_{- 12.0}^{+ 11.9}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[22.2_{-12.0}^{+11.9}\]$$	${24.6}_{- 14.1}^{+ 11.9}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[24.6_{-14.1}^{+11.9}\]$$	${23.7}_{- 15.2}^{+ 12.4}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[23.7_{-15.2}^{+12.4}\]$$	${18.0}_{- ↓}^{+ ↑}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[18.0_{-\downarrow}^{+\uparrow}\]$$	${20.7}_{- 11.2}^{+ 12.4}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[20.7_{-11.2}^{+12.4}\]$$	22

Notes. Isotopic ratios are calculated as the ratio of the f₀ values of the best-fit models for the relevant species (Table 2). The sub/super-scripts show the uncertainties on the values, and $_{- ↓}^{+ ↑}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[_{-\downarrow}^{+\uparrow}\]$$ indicates that the uncertainties have not been constrained. ^(a) Asplund et al. (2009).

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