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Fig. 14

Fig. 14 Refer to the following caption and surrounding text.

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Velocity ellipses for the quasi-axisymmetric orthogonal NSD model, constructed from stars in the region || < 0.9° and |b| < 0.25°. Left: all stars show lv ≈ −89.5° and low anisotropy (β = 0.22), appearing nearly axisymmetric due to contamination from older large-scale bar stars. Right: result when selecting younger stars (τ < 5 Gyr) that predominantly trace the late-forming NSD yields lv≈79.2° with higher anisotropy β = 0.62. This demonstrates that an orthogonal NSD can produce positive lv, similar to a nuclear bar with its near side at negative longitudes.

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