Comparison of two WLF identification methods. (a) and (b): HMI continuum difference image ((I_p − I₀)/I₀). The orange contours mark the flare region. The blue regions represent the WL pixels identified by our method, and the white contours indicate the regions where the difference is greater than 8%. (c): Normalized average HMI continuum light curves for the WL emission regions identified by different methods. The blue light curve was obtained with our method. The red light curve was obtained based on the difference image. The green light curve indicates the GOES soft-X ray (SXR) 1−8 Å flux.