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Home All issues Volume 710 (June 2026) A&A, 710 (2026) A33 Full HTML
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Table A.2.

Spectral properties from X-ray observations of SN 2024iss.

Instrument Phasea Nintb kT Normc Fluxd Unabsorbed Fluxd
(days) (1022 cm−2) (keV) 10−4 cm−5 (erg/cm2/s) (erg/cm2/s)
Swift-XRT 2.0 ± 1.1 < 0.008 32.6 7 . 8 − 0.5 + 0.6 Mathematical equation: $ 7.8^{+ 0.6}_{- 0.5} $ 1 . 4 − 0.1 + 0.1 × 10 − 12 Mathematical equation: $ 1.4^{+ 0.1}_{- 0.1} \times 10^{-12} $ 1 . 4 − 0.1 + 0.1 × 10 − 12 Mathematical equation: $ 1.4^{+ 0.1}_{- 0.1} \times 10^{-12} $
EP-FXT 2.3 ± 0.2 < 0.008 32.6 7 . 2 − 0.2 + 0.2 Mathematical equation: $ 7.2^{+ 0.2}_{- 0.2} $ 1 . 3 − 0.0 + 0.0 × 10 − 12 Mathematical equation: $ 1.3^{+ 0.0}_{- 0.0} \times 10^{-12} $ 1 . 3 − 0.0 + 0.0 × 10 − 12 Mathematical equation: $ 1.3^{+ 0.0}_{- 0.0} \times 10^{-12} $
Swift-XRT 4.9 ± 1.5 < 0.008 32.6 4 . 6 − 0.4 + 0.4 Mathematical equation: $ 4.6^{+ 0.4}_{- 0.4} $ 8 . 5 − 0.7 + 0.8 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 8.5^{+ 0.8}_{- 0.7} \times 10^{-13} $ 8 . 4 − 0.7 + 0.8 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 8.4^{+ 0.8}_{- 0.7} \times 10^{-13} $
NuSTAR 5.2 ± 0.4 < 0.008 32 . 6 − 4.6 + 6.9 Mathematical equation: $ 32.6^{+ 6.9}_{- 4.6} $ 7 . 9 − 0.2 + 0.2 Mathematical equation: $ 7.9^{+ 0.2}_{- 0.2} $ 2 . 9 − 0.2 + 0.3 × 10 − 12 Mathematical equation: $ 2.9^{+ 0.3}_{- 0.2} \times 10^{-12} $ 2 . 9 − 0.2 + 0.3 × 10 − 12 Mathematical equation: $ 2.9^{+ 0.3}_{- 0.2} \times 10^{-12} $
Swift-XRT 10.6 ± 2.3 < 0.008 32.6 1 . 5 − 0.4 + 0.5 Mathematical equation: $ 1.5^{+ 0.5}_{- 0.4} $ 2 . 8 − 0.8 + 1.0 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 2.8^{+ 1.0}_{- 0.8} \times 10^{-13} $ 2 . 8 − 0.8 + 1.0 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 2.8^{+ 1.0}_{- 0.8} \times 10^{-13} $
EP-FXT 10.6 ± 0.1 < 0.008 32.6 1 . 0 − 0.1 + 0.1 Mathematical equation: $ 1.0^{+ 0.1}_{- 0.1} $ 1 . 7 − 0.2 + 0.2 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 1.7^{+ 0.2}_{- 0.2} \times 10^{-13} $ 1 . 7 − 0.2 + 0.2 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 1.7^{+ 0.2}_{- 0.2} \times 10^{-13} $
NuSTAR 20.7 ± 0.6 < 0.008 32.6 0 . 7 − 0.1 + 0.1 Mathematical equation: $ 0.7^{+ 0.1}_{- 0.1} $ 2 . 5 − 0.3 + 0.3 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 2.5^{+ 0.3}_{- 0.3} \times 10^{-13} $ 2 . 5 − 0.3 + 0.3 × 10 − 13 Mathematical equation: $ 2.5^{+ 0.3}_{- 0.3} \times 10^{-13} $
Swift-XRT 33.9 ± 7.4 < 0.008 32.6 < 0.2 < 4.8 × 10−14 < 4.8 × 10−14
Swift-XRT 206.3 ± 21.5 < 0.008 32.6 < 10.9 < 2.0 × 10−12 < 2.0 × 10−12
Swift-XRT 276.8 ± 6.8 < 0.008 32.6 < 0.3 < 5.4 × 10−14 < 5.3 × 10−14

Notes.

(a)

Time with respect to MJD = 60,442.21.

(b)

Intrinsic neutral hydrogen column density, with the neutral density contribution from the Milky Way excluded (0.009 × 1022 cm−2).

(c)

The normalization of the apec spectrum, defined as 10 − 14 4 π D L Mathematical equation: $ \frac{10^{-14}}{4\pi D_L} $ EM, where DL is the luminosity distance to the source (cm), EM is the emission measure defined as ∫ n e cm − 3 n H cm − 3 dV cm 3 Mathematical equation: $ \int \frac{n_e}{\mathrm{cm}^{-3}}\frac{n_H}{\mathrm{cm}^{-3}}\frac{dV}{\mathrm{cm}^{3}} $; ne and nH denote the electron and hydrogen densities, respectively.

(d)

The absorbed flux and unabsorbed flux are in the ranges 0.5–10 keV for FXT, 0.3–10 keV for XRT, and 3–79 keV for NuSTAR. We adopt a fixed plasma temperature, as estimated from the fourth observation in the column, for all other observations. Because of the limited photon counts and the restricted energy coverage of FXT (0.5–10 keV), the plasma temperature (kT) of SN 2024iss at each epoch cannot be reliably constrained independently (see Sect. 2.4).

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