Gas-phase metallicity vs. μ_α, known as the fundamental metallicity relation. The x-axis μ_α = log M_*/M_⊙ − αlog(SFR[M_⊙ yr⁻¹]). We adopt the value of α = 0.60 from Sanders et al. (2021). Individual galaxies of the MOSDEF sample at z ∼ 2.3 and z ∼ 3.3 are shown as brown squares (extracted using WebPlotDigitizer). The FMR calculated by the best-fit MZR and best-fit SFMS from Sanders et al. (2021) is shown as the dashed brown line. The dashed gray line shows the best-fit cubic function to the stacks of z ∼ 0 datasets, as presented in Eq. (10) in Sanders et al. (2021). The dashed purple line shows the best-fit relation of Li et al. (2023). The MQN01 sample is shown as blue stars. For the galaxy without an Hβ detection (ID: 6005), the SFR without dust correction is adopted and is shown as the blue triangle at the upper limit of μ_0.60. The galaxy without JWST photometry is marked as a pentagon.