EDP Sciences logo
Subscriber Authentication Point
Search
Menu
Home All issues Volume 569 (September 2014) A&A, 569 (2014) A56 Full HTML
Free Access

This article has an erratum: [https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424157e]

%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 2 0 R >> endobj 8 0 obj << /XObject 7 0 R /Pattern 5 0 R /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /ExtGState 4 0 R /Shading 6 0 R /Font 3 0 R >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Contents 9 0 R /Type /Page /Resources 8 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 579.6 510.3 ] >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 11 0 R >> stream xŝ˲$q,~YJa^(`#R_ @nF'' ow狽\\>^bkOњw<%_.٭!^\k6ɷ?A8PZb]]_nyEB]m׸t?.]ZOnd~Zk?}>:c[?-{[H? R|T,sئW`+d=c:m H꣉!UkLZ]4g^[AO^6WBut].:gЏ i5a)ĭfb2.nMzc ЪiWzKiz(vC=ˢZ(l=7k Evl3ˋNޅyBZiij eVsbsTCmRX_}%4x >䊲=$Z5)'rdטO*T 6-bQ ߢwg-#SQ!KD I}1IeAn0m) k@LП"0eo,2v\Z}57:Iu dcSre龳gM8`bZ:gԚ1V')5ZkŭȕbY4z84b.M(Lic|Ҋ`v\.>9W.XK Xf)ROpxBHStن~xY+RMdQFLΘM;A`쒵My>M2v { 5g,4P0dRWmjC'ch*fPM1Eڅ ܢ)bRb92`E\:Ӫ& .xj#M(bWԒi_4Wd>&fᇒѴ$zIR^1Й!WcF>`LwC<pK xsKnϤ}y_}rhA}kڟok_.ܟ;hV}hnz>țVOMy''SdTxur&lK/ޗ+^|Ԓ\bR[:i+Pl;&j_-o@6n Bu Ր5Go(︍یeݹ͈%"/ + :prK?6Bvn3Bu6#NךkKHX3WbYUOɡ5@&.@mB;F+︍یeݹ͈sŰr"}ymf.mF-U.9h}ymf.mFˍcML?s;q2I3>D1R=re5!tYfdnIV)G{֕ȕۄeMsE2Exٹ]֝ی8[ZZȭ+ + :po|W_SozWuyoEӓ/zս/f.) Z10{okX^}.o!c£es|Zc5/^M ^ɸ~Ys(ӄ?hMŹ"SSh5ɹᤴ(%q_{Q%"r0[Z5 D/yy%Z {GU =ؼEA[昭viD^U!.DgBUppP'*eCJŶjfb^.TlU{ie)uaXmT%hڼ: 1ɤV-A(FjgH}Ξ~kYXRbX&fĚ/TDphbMntg/cDcI'%U!~`[bMs-b+In#@yl)\g胱vOX3%IK)&-3>`n,=ٌ\jwDkb-\^xè7<'\ y^mt +z 7ƵJ6{@־uGOnT$,Z)_6P.]톯VJkfY=ASgq .!`eEp`ԟyb XCm$qC{=ź3(Dz)`r"_BL\V?1XlBYjMǵf>KF+-)ρrC3ߦx.%̅Y\o1U"(%^"ɔ^}\Z ;K;WF4M,I0^, dz+*+W¾Y1+*6Q6'B.xN xfictb:e"kc## S$*4 sgLx,Wqښ&v'1,3)ܖ"L[<bkML < L#/1rBRTĤ2+AQ3}h9"pw>V:vĵeX [D,!$I3q[z..ek$ׂj SY景q [6bNֵMDV;^1Y^E8-I]ʚmXF'CNzw&gZ\)mbH$(l؆g }Ĵ5ŏz'~5c%`ʁl7RYum2װ|lMnΑi3ce/ɻPo`,-τ47MƶH+;T)bmb̀6|8BY2BU/@eKQ"ԬA(;p4|)1Lrts1Db7֒ e"4sɡKĖ'%|H&?W6i{Q5RdY4|d#,ItinMW+|Ҷ󈗢ͯcY]$ڭ, 8AК(Y#,l+#{?#dְf$Ln8 ,{쮴N֐Zep`FחUg"MYP}Ab!_5ftԎs$Ǟe19y\Podl~#0l1|^T En\֔!z=i{-r5ϞdzIA}YԀ6Aዤ 5KZQN4,;vm.:jډdd d]Ӟ&mMfd/XRxI[# Oe7ܕXUD"DgC+1:{N]g%+-?3'9ٜ4E}>+1{N]c%+-iwL=OBTT<|$pnl}[g*ͧe*mMϬqC@L͓4nCNLͳ4nRrT>y6>kƭCSՇ26ϦgʸwHR} zPTnCNLͳ1nRlT>y6> ƭCZ SՇ26ϦgwHR} zPTl3TOATTS},Sil}&[*էe*mM^qC@Lͳ+nR`T>y6>KŭC SՇ26ϦgwHuR} zPTl{WCz s;26ϦgwHiR} zPDI1(rݟIK^o"@ idE(U-V}~^ Y7D)٬j|߂;E ]UolW}X5 eҮ~Do_?||u<ȍp9Ϫ.m}9ݓa_S8|ޗ+ g.;V+9ڇ$M􃒦I{`CkgڙokoQ.ey׍\*!C gq{fnd%RY D7o]kwq LO|z(ꗻ .+><>Uy a? endstream endobj 11 0 obj 5541 endobj 16 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 52 >> stream x363T0P0T026Q064bC.@rs`r endstream endobj 17 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 49 >> stream x36P0P040F@B!H Y@8&+ & endstream endobj 18 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 338 >> stream x5R9@ } ] v͜~߆_ CVie!U-.Im W%ڥ Pt,6˯JH+kLwIi"Eo7o}=@.^ AS(i|Ъc(ew 4<3}(~_K&(? _osџa`Ś}@*z`yT endstream endobj 19 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 90 >> stream xMA "OPDtz_NE5jK02kP)U0\ 2IL{qIqzz"X endstream endobj 20 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 210 >> stream x5P C1g dVukm;aBXȔy)K>:L." u%ʚ +`p&^7`i5tႦ.B%|u{OxjrvC` jMX> stream x36P0C. endstream endobj 22 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 248 >> stream x-Q9AzBsˑ C :-qPO+Uwu9HTM]vf5,?c 7zqxLu5{kOfP2+qSușO \ ȹeƌ#M!RH&3AQ~#aU#j \Ks4;<9GW +ET<pC7ҹ^s0XM7/=[ endstream endobj 23 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 67 >> stream x34P0P4W546T060Q073PH11s,lLeb ̀Ɓ% 9pr΃ endstream endobj 24 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 88 >> stream x5 0D{8R[.{9>G-dCxI9>Q4Zo:Hsd33}d4I!rY)z>~ endstream endobj 25 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 82 >> stream x51B !HoOuI1_E(:'L2xŜu~ 2soϻ!XG endstream endobj 26 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 247 >> stream xMQmD1 \ky R]oC /)%K [UC?13,=?TPbht/"+ߏe s`&4`oI&ռ3d‰ATwM,3V7: lx%D`r Z`Q+ tĺv7C/਺x} K{,|BL;wI#fR:=b}@e+ (\* endstream endobj 27 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 338 >> stream x5RK[AۿSjy쬠8K Qry:i>ޅԂ"iǚ5Q4b)>(!SHfd2r >֛L9is(Iz-v|YAғu-Mk"925Ǟ2#A, IOH3;g-yx/~2U2 `; ("$h(fƚۅ"=D^ ,z2'; Jjaq6JS]g&a氳R2 qp/${1aļ]l\̹&ӏ(H\M(?7} endstream endobj 28 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 153 >> stream x5 0DbX!dS낝HF<3c2a4Gȁ/i ι^$UQV" 9'R$ZUVޯN]yճMwMGbJ)uG$*`h60J};Z+w{\x6 endstream endobj 29 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 64 >> stream x334T0P5f& F )\@>L̀,cSS$625pD)ON endstream endobj 30 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 87 >> stream x5M0뙂̣KA:} ko!/uO*%:l W6xUl1ؠeηI endstream endobj 31 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 80 >> stream xE 0D{`~&f( JpO{:2Sa ,S`5FR죰n_uzS*Ovvq= endstream endobj 32 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 304 >> stream x=;0 C{Ȍd'>2VI(/u< i& b;w؞D/)ϡ+E:Ū0[M*K õ}74uK hY pu;Gw5<TQ!OJ|<(!\{0FS@\^BAjI'> stream xEPC1 =`,{wHۿ=JFp!Z?ZK oGFA= 3A΄@xFnvpμ39Zpә\'mBITqTqLύׁlӑ!KI%&~S*)[*EH䁓M4,?Cb̠Q0qGuٜ9-L|X&Q)2>'\N}䢥Uޑ"ۡW%Qէ<Y> endstream endobj 34 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 68 >> stream x32P0P4& f )\@B.H  %[B4AXf&fI8"ɴ endstream endobj 35 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 126 >> stream x=A!ﾂXeA3[suA9+U(ޔT}Piҷlvvv RwJUoD 8nI2tN\}Rkkg %/ . endstream endobj 36 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 255 >> stream xEK D#> stream x32P0P4& f )\V.L,іp "} endstream endobj 38 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 214 >> stream x=PC1= |7˥m$B6BLɔ:ʒ)O>Kbnd6%*E/% }ՖC4h9~ 3*K6p*3 mtV[ Ф`׶ r " JMrR=ot-N=Dkq: DpFjtaŲC5=kz7hGt4CָR endstream endobj 39 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 161 >> stream xEK CBGG|tJ￭!M@w'/mK >[ x6n5uVhR}ith6s+ fz:rGp_Gdf)|Q]dcnk]3s: endstream endobj 40 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 236 >> stream xMPKnD! s\I$!CU۱T*HUSbuM2yOQ nAb$<4#',;Ofč.`5[́9m:7@dP "B.ї9`Jw&\>աqZ coYaLq_֨ɲY I!}{ y+ՠ0u J*}$]S endstream endobj 41 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 332 >> stream x-R9$1 ~`LtIUls#h/#xE=f۴[iGiK,W ;BjW0wy.2meDkag؏]e8*Jl !2J'Qw\I2[E™w2;yNE{ kF9+%|6vzrYɩHHӺ NKؖߗ3| endstream endobj 42 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 157 >> stream xEC1DsUA wJo-%S'"h0yM%V,&rAJ1xN1븨ufihW3=5'M<[ }@8IP1}bv">G)#qbn fW7y endstream endobj 43 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 163 >> stream xM;0 Cw yRtjVrʐ(usf!-eǷO'庉}*ƀF;t{MXp@'<,VQ{"Iڣ g O㵦_)3HBdZqg{?83 endstream endobj 44 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 131 >> stream xE ! CT>՞0ABA";06Ѣ76իc,zRV鐇Pi0QąYLCaΘȖ2MlTv<e~ma, U^ ?KwUBS0 endstream endobj 45 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 88 >> stream x50C{OɥJoЀw:A).nWz&LC`EՋZ-_ncb*?$ u^8{ endstream endobj 46 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 71 >> stream x34P0P0S546T04V073PH1 X\00247CbBeX r`J# endstream endobj 47 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Subtype /Form /Length 37 /Type /XObject /BBox [ -184 -236 1288 929 ] >> stream x240S065U276r,#s# $`Ad_ endstream endobj 14 0 obj << /FontDescriptor 13 0 R /Name /BitstreamVeraSans-Roman /FontMatrix [ 0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ] /BaseFont /BitstreamVeraSans-Roman /Widths 12 0 R /Subtype /Type3 /CharProcs 15 0 R /Type /Font /FirstChar 0 /FontBBox [ -184 -236 1288 929 ] /Encoding << /Differences [ 32 /space 45 /hyphen /period 48 /zero /one /two /three /four /five 65 /A 75 /K 83 /S /T /U 91 /bracketleft 93 /bracketright 97 /a 101 /e 105 /i /j 108 /l /m /n /o /p 114 /r /s /t /u 119 /w /x ] /Type /Encoding >> /LastChar 255 >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Descent -236 /FontBBox [ -184 -236 1288 929 ] /StemV 0 /Flags 32 /XHeight 547 /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /BitstreamVeraSans-Roman /MaxWidth 1342 /CapHeight 730 /ItalicAngle 0 /Ascent 929 >> endobj 12 0 obj [ 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 318 401 460 838 636 950 780 275 390 390 500 838 318 361 318 337 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 337 337 838 838 838 531 1000 684 686 698 770 632 575 775 752 295 295 656 557 863 748 787 603 787 695 635 611 732 684 989 685 611 685 390 337 390 838 500 500 613 635 550 635 615 352 635 634 278 278 579 278 974 634 612 635 635 411 521 392 634 592 818 592 592 525 636 337 636 838 600 636 600 318 636 518 1000 500 500 500 1342 635 400 1070 600 685 600 600 318 318 518 518 590 500 1000 500 1000 521 400 1023 600 525 611 636 401 636 636 636 636 337 500 500 1000 471 612 838 361 1000 500 500 838 401 401 500 636 636 318 500 401 471 612 969 969 969 531 684 684 684 684 684 684 974 698 632 632 632 632 295 295 295 295 775 748 787 787 787 787 787 838 787 732 732 732 732 611 605 630 613 613 613 613 613 613 982 550 615 615 615 615 278 278 278 278 612 634 612 612 612 612 612 838 612 634 634 634 634 592 635 592 ] endobj 15 0 obj << /hyphen 16 0 R /period 17 0 R /two 22 0 R /four 19 0 R /zero 20 0 R /space 21 0 R /bracketleft 46 0 R /three 18 0 R /bracketright 23 0 R /A 24 0 R /K 25 0 R /S 27 0 R /five 26 0 R /T 29 0 R /one 31 0 R /U 28 0 R /a 32 0 R /e 33 0 R /i 34 0 R /j 35 0 R /m 36 0 R /l 37 0 R /o 38 0 R /n 39 0 R /p 40 0 R /s 41 0 R /r 42 0 R /u 43 0 R /t 44 0 R /w 45 0 R /x 30 0 R >> endobj 3 0 obj << /F1 14 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << >> endobj 5 0 obj << >> endobj 6 0 obj << >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Vera-minus 47 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Count 1 /Kids [ 10 0 R ] /Type /Pages >> endobj 48 0 obj << /CreationDate (D:20140314170629+02'00') /Producer (matplotlib pdf backend r8292) /Creator (matplotlib 1.0.1, http://matplotlib.sf.net) >> endobj xref 0 49 0000000000 65535 f 0000000016 00000 n 0000015475 00000 n 0000015340 00000 n 0000015372 00000 n 0000015393 00000 n 0000015414 00000 n 0000015435 00000 n 0000000065 00000 n 0000000319 00000 n 0000000208 00000 n 0000005935 00000 n 0000013903 00000 n 0000013688 00000 n 0000013179 00000 n 0000014956 00000 n 0000005956 00000 n 0000006080 00000 n 0000006201 00000 n 0000006612 00000 n 0000006774 00000 n 0000007057 00000 n 0000007146 00000 n 0000007467 00000 n 0000007606 00000 n 0000007766 00000 n 0000007920 00000 n 0000008240 00000 n 0000008651 00000 n 0000008877 00000 n 0000009013 00000 n 0000009172 00000 n 0000009324 00000 n 0000009701 00000 n 0000010019 00000 n 0000010159 00000 n 0000010358 00000 n 0000010686 00000 n 0000010803 00000 n 0000011090 00000 n 0000011324 00000 n 0000011633 00000 n 0000012038 00000 n 0000012268 00000 n 0000012504 00000 n 0000012708 00000 n 0000012868 00000 n 0000013011 00000 n 0000015535 00000 n trailer << /Info 48 0 R /Root 1 0 R /Size 49 >> startxref 15692 %%EOF

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.