The estimated crossover time in the pebble accretion scenario. The solid and dashed lines show the cases with the planetesimal formation model by Eqs. (24) and (25), respectively. The different colors show the cases with different parameters, as described in the legend box. Each panel shows the cases with different grain opacities. The gray area shows the typical disk lifetime inferred by the observations (Richert et al. 2018), which ranges from 1 to 3 Myrs. We plot the horizontal dotted gray lines at 5 and 10 Myrs for the eye guide.