Open Access

Table 2

Parameters used in this study.

Parameter Range Result
Grain opacity factor fg 10−3–100 Sect. 3.1
Turbulent viscosity αturb 10−5–10−3 Sect. 3.2
Core formation time t0 105 –107 yr Sect. 3.3
Central star’s mass Ms 0.1-1.5 M Sect. 3.3

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.