Orbits of the clumps under the effect of dynamical friction. For each panel, the black solid line represents the orbit of the selected clump (parameters in Table B.1) in the simulation of point-mass clumps in a spherical halo made of particles for the spherical configuration (Sect. 4.4.3). The red dashed line indicates the orbit of the same clump in the same halo but implemented as an external potential and with the addition of the Chandrasekhar formula, as described in Appendix B.