Cygnus X-3 as a semi-hidden PeVatron | Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)

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Fig. 2.

Rates for synchrotron losses $t_{syn}^{- 1}$ $t^{-1}_{\mathrm{syn}}$ , photo-hadronic $t_{p γ}^{- 1}$ $t^{-1}_{p\gamma}$ , and hadronic $t_{pp}^{- 1}$ $t^{-1}_{pp}$ interactions of a proton as function of energy compared to the acceleration rate by reconnection $t_{rec}^{- 1}$ $t^{-1}_{\mathrm{rec}}$ and second-order Fermi acceleration $t_{Fermi}^{- 1}$ $t^{-1}_{\mathrm{Fermi}}$ in state S₁ (left) and by DSA $t_{sh}^{- 1}$ $t^{-1}_{\mathrm{sh}}$ in state S₂(right).

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