Radiative-convective temperature–pressure profiles and vapor-pressure curves. Solid lines with rainbow colors show radiative-convective temperature profiles for metallicities from 1 to 1000×solar. This figure also shows the vapor–pressure curves of the species we considered in our analysis that could condense on the temperature regimes of HD 86226 c. The vapor-pressure curves at 100× solar atmospheric metallicity are given as dashed lines, while the extent of the vapor-pressure curves over the range of 1 to 1000× solar for MnS, MgSiO₃, and Na₂S are given as shaded regions. The Fe range is not shown to avoid clutter, as it largely overlaps the MgSiO₃ range. Na₂S vapor-pressure curves do not cross our temperature-pressure profiles for any atmospheric metallicity. Thus, based on our thermal-stability approach, these clouds could not condense in the atmosphere of HD 86226 c and we did not include them in our analysis.