Radio emission plots of TRAPPIST-1e under four different space weather conditions: sub-Alfvénic (a), transition (b), super-Alfvénic (c), and CME-like (d). The horizontal axis shows the inclination of the magnetic axis, the different colours represent different magnetic field strengths, and the vertical axis indicates the radiated power (in erg s⁻¹). The results were obtained using the empirical factor β.