A_V vs. M_⋆ for star-forming galaxies in four redshift bins. Points are color-coded with V − J color. White squares show the median in stellar mass bins and error bars the statistical uncertainty ($\sigma /\sqrt{N}$, mostly smaller than the data points themselves). The solid black lines show the spline-percentile regression, and the dashed lines show the 16–84 percentiles of the distribution. The error bars are the median uncertainties from the observed fluxes and propagated uncertainties from the SED fit.