MIDIS: Unveiling the star formation history in massive galaxies at 1 < z < 4.5 with spectro-photometric analysis

Open Access

Table 2.

Average SED-fitting properties of the galaxies in our sample for different codes.

Sample	Parameter	Codes
		`BP- 1 POP`	`BP-2 POP`	`BP-Nonparametric`	`sy-1 POP`	`sy- 2 POP`
All galaxies $(\bar{z} = 2.4)$ $(\bar{z} = 2.4)$	log(M/M_⊙)	$10 . 5_{10.1}^{10.7}$ $10.5_{10.1}^{10.7}$	$10 . 5_{10.1}^{10.9}$ $10.5_{10.1}^{10.9}$	$10 . 5_{10.2}^{10.8}$ $10.5_{10.2}^{10.8}$	$10 . 4_{10.0}^{10.7}$ $10.4_{10.0}^{10.7}$	$10 . 4_{10.0}^{10.7}$ $10.4_{10.0}^{10.7}$
	${\bar{t}}_{M - w} [Gyr]$ ${\bar{t}_{M-w}\, [\mathrm{Gyr}]}$	$0 . 4_{0.1}^{1.1}$ $0.4_{0.1}^{1.1}$	$0 . 8_{0.3}^{2.1}$ $0.8_{0.3}^{2.1}$	$0 . 6_{0.1}^{2.3}$ $0.6_{0.1}^{2.3}$	$0 . 2_{0.0}^{1.0}$ $0.2_{0.0}^{1.0}$	$0 . 7_{0.4}^{1.7}$ $0.7_{0.4}^{1.7}$
	z_form	$2 . 8_{1.7}^{4.8}$ $2.8_{1.7}^{4.8}$	$3 . 9_{2.6}^{6.2}$ $3.9_{2.6}^{6.2}$	$3 . 7_{2.5}^{4.5}$ $3.7_{2.5}^{4.5}$	$2 . 8_{1.6}^{4.3}$ $2.8_{1.6}^{4.3}$	$3 . 9_{2.4}^{5.8}$ $3.9_{2.4}^{5.8}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁸ M_⊙}	$3 . 8_{1.8}^{5.8}$ $3.8_{1.8}^{5.8}$	$6 . 6_{4.1}^{8.9}$ $6.6_{4.1}^{8.9}$	$9 . 5_{3.7}^{9.9}$ $9.5_{3.7}^{9.9}$	$3 . 1_{1.7}^{5.5}$ $3.1_{1.7}^{5.5}$	$6 . 0_{3.3}^{9.0}$ $6.0_{3.3}^{9.0}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁹ M_⊙}	$3 . 8_{1.8}^{5.7}$ $3.8_{1.8}^{5.7}$	$5 . 9_{4.0}^{8.2}$ $5.9_{4.0}^{8.2}$	$6 . 8_{2.8}^{9.5}$ $6.8_{2.8}^{9.5}$	$3 . 1_{1.9}^{5.3}$ $3.1_{1.9}^{5.3}$	$5 . 7_{3.2}^{8.1}$ $5.7_{3.2}^{8.1}$
	SFR [M_⊙ yr⁻¹]	20₁²⁴⁷	62₀⁵²¹	18₁²⁴²	29₂¹⁵⁹¹	$236_{12}^{1748}$ $236_{12}^{1748}$

Lower-z (1 ≤ z < 2) $(\bar{z} = 1.6)$ $(\bar{z} = 1.6)$	log(M/M_⊙)	$10 . 4_{10.2}^{10.7}$ $10.4_{10.2}^{10.7}$	$10 . 4_{10.3}^{10.8}$ $10.4_{10.3}^{10.8}$	$10 . 5_{10.3}^{10.8}$ $10.5_{10.3}^{10.8}$	$10 . 4_{10.1}^{10.6}$ $10.4_{10.1}^{10.6}$	$10 . 4_{10.1}^{10.6}$ $10.4_{10.1}^{10.6}$
	${\bar{t}}_{M - w} [Gyr]$ ${\bar{t}_{M-w}\, [\mathrm{Gyr}]}$	$0 . 9_{0.3}^{1.3}$ $0.9_{0.3}^{1.3}$	$2 . 0_{1.2}^{3.0}$ $2.0_{1.2}^{3.0}$	$2 . 2_{0.9}^{2.8}$ $2.2_{0.9}^{2.8}$	$0 . 6_{0.1}^{1.7}$ $0.6_{0.1}^{1.7}$	$1 . 4_{0.8}^{1.9}$ $1.4_{0.8}^{1.9}$
	z_form	$1 . 8_{1.6}^{2.7}$ $1.8_{1.6}^{2.7}$	$3 . 4_{2.0}^{5.9}$ $3.4_{2.0}^{5.9}$	$3 . 6_{2.1}^{3.9}$ $3.6_{2.1}^{3.9}$	$1 . 7_{1.5}^{2.8}$ $1.7_{1.5}^{2.8}$	$2 . 6_{1.8}^{5.4}$ $2.6_{1.8}^{5.4}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁸ M_⊙}	$1 . 9_{1.7}^{3.9}$ $1.9_{1.7}^{3.9}$	$4 . 7_{2.9}^{8.7}$ $4.7_{2.9}^{8.7}$	$9 . 8_{8.8}^{9.9}$ $9.8_{8.8}^{9.9}$	$1 . 8_{1.6}^{3.1}$ $1.8_{1.6}^{3.1}$	$3 . 5_{2.7}^{6.9}$ $3.5_{2.7}^{6.9}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁹ M_⊙}	$1 . 8_{1.7}^{3.8}$ $1.8_{1.7}^{3.8}$	$4 . 5_{2.5}^{8.5}$ $4.5_{2.5}^{8.5}$	$9 . 2_{4.0}^{9.6}$ $9.2_{4.0}^{9.6}$	$1 . 8_{1.6}^{3.1}$ $1.8_{1.6}^{3.1}$	$3 . 4_{2.6}^{6.7}$ $3.4_{2.6}^{6.7}$
	SFR [M_⊙ yr⁻¹]	6₁²¹	5₀²⁹⁴	4₀²⁴	3₁⁶⁰	$23_{6}^{183}$ $23_{6}^{183}$

Higher-z (z ≥ 2) $(\bar{z} = 3.1)$ $(\bar{z} = 3.1)$	log(M/M_⊙)	$10 . 6_{10.1}^{10.7}$ $10.6_{10.1}^{10.7}$	$10 . 6_{10.1}^{11.0}$ $10.6_{10.1}^{11.0}$	$10 . 5_{10.2}^{10.8}$ $10.5_{10.2}^{10.8}$	$10 . 3_{10.0}^{10.7}$ $10.3_{10.0}^{10.7}$	$10 . 3_{10.0}^{10.7}$ $10.3_{10.0}^{10.7}$
	${\bar{t}}_{M - w} [Gyr]$ ${\bar{t}_{M-w}\, [\mathrm{Gyr}]}$	$0 . 2_{0.1}^{0.9}$ $0.2_{0.1}^{0.9}$	$0 . 5_{0.3}^{0.9}$ $0.5_{0.3}^{0.9}$	$0 . 2_{0.1}^{1.0}$ $0.2_{0.1}^{1.0}$	$0 . 1_{0.0}^{0.6}$ $0.1_{0.0}^{0.6}$	$0 . 5_{0.4}^{1.1}$ $0.5_{0.4}^{1.1}$
	z_form	$3 . 8_{2.6}^{5.1}$ $3.8_{2.6}^{5.1}$	$4 . 0_{2.9}^{6.3}$ $4.0_{2.9}^{6.3}$	$3 . 7_{2.6}^{5.2}$ $3.7_{2.6}^{5.2}$	$3 . 6_{2.6}^{4.8}$ $3.6_{2.6}^{4.8}$	$4 . 6_{3.2}^{6.0}$ $4.6_{3.2}^{6.0}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁸ M_⊙}	$4 . 2_{2.9}^{6.1}$ $4.2_{2.9}^{6.1}$	$7 . 3_{4.8}^{8.9}$ $7.3_{4.8}^{8.9}$	$8 . 8_{3.2}^{9.8}$ $8.8_{3.2}^{9.8}$	$3 . 7_{2.8}^{6.5}$ $3.7_{2.8}^{6.5}$	$6 . 7_{4.6}^{9.9}$ $6.7_{4.6}^{9.9}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁹ M_⊙}	$4 . 2_{2.9}^{6.1}$ $4.2_{2.9}^{6.1}$	$6 . 6_{4.3}^{8.1}$ $6.6_{4.3}^{8.1}$	$4 . 4_{2.8}^{9.3}$ $4.4_{2.8}^{9.3}$	$3 . 7_{2.7}^{6.3}$ $3.7_{2.7}^{6.3}$	$6 . 2_{4.5}^{9.1}$ $6.2_{4.5}^{9.1}$
	SFR [M_⊙ yr⁻¹]	30₂²⁹⁷	90₂⁵²⁵	34₁³⁵⁴	106₇²²⁶⁷	$589_{132}^{2255}$ $589_{132}^{2255}$

Quiescent ( $\bar{z} = 2.9$ $\bar{z} = 2.9$ )	log(M/M_⊙)	$10 . 5_{10.3}^{10.6}$ $10.5_{10.3}^{10.6}$	$10 . 5_{10.3}^{10.6}$ $10.5_{10.3}^{10.6}$	$10 . 5_{10.4}^{10.7}$ $10.5_{10.4}^{10.7}$	$10 . 4_{10.1}^{10.6}$ $10.4_{10.1}^{10.6}$	$10 . 3_{10.1}^{10.6}$ $10.3_{10.1}^{10.6}$
	${\bar{t}}_{M - w} [Gyr]$ ${\bar{t}_{M-w}\, [\mathrm{Gyr}]}$	$1 . 1_{1.0}^{1.2}$ $1.1_{1.0}^{1.2}$	$1 . 1_{0.5}^{2.0}$ $1.1_{0.5}^{2.0}$	$1 . 0_{0.6}^{2.2}$ $1.0_{0.6}^{2.2}$	$0 . 8_{0.3}^{1.6}$ $0.8_{0.3}^{1.6}$	$1 . 1_{0.5}^{1.6}$ $1.1_{0.5}^{1.6}$
	z_form	$4 . 8_{2.4}^{6.1}$ $4.8_{2.4}^{6.1}$	$4 . 1_{3.5}^{7.4}$ $4.1_{3.5}^{7.4}$	$4 . 2_{3.8}^{5.5}$ $4.2_{3.8}^{5.5}$	$3 . 9_{2.4}^{5.6}$ $3.9_{2.4}^{5.6}$	$4 . 2_{2.5}^{6.1}$ $4.2_{2.5}^{6.1}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁸ M_⊙}	$5 . 9_{2.9}^{7.4}$ $5.9_{2.9}^{7.4}$	$6 . 8_{4.6}^{8.6}$ $6.8_{4.6}^{8.6}$	$9 . 8_{9.5}^{9.9}$ $9.8_{9.5}^{9.9}$	$4 . 2_{2.7}^{7.7}$ $4.2_{2.7}^{7.7}$	$5 . 7_{3.2}^{10.8}$ $5.7_{3.2}^{10.8}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁹ M_⊙}	$5 . 8_{2.8}^{7.3}$ $5.8_{2.8}^{7.3}$	$5 . 7_{4.4}^{8.0}$ $5.7_{4.4}^{8.0}$	$9 . 2_{7.0}^{9.6}$ $9.2_{7.0}^{9.6}$	$4 . 1_{2.7}^{7.4}$ $4.1_{2.7}^{7.4}$	$5 . 4_{3.2}^{10.7}$ $5.4_{3.2}^{10.7}$
	SFR [M_⊙ yr⁻¹]	1₀²	0₀⁰	0₀¹	3₀⁸	17₁¹⁵⁶⁷

Star-forming ( $\bar{z} = 2.4$ $\bar{z} = 2.4$ )	log(M/M_⊙)	$10 . 4_{10.1}^{10.7}$ $10.4_{10.1}^{10.7}$	$10 . 5_{10.1}^{11.0}$ $10.5_{10.1}^{11.0}$	$10 . 5_{10.2}^{10.9}$ $10.5_{10.2}^{10.9}$	$10 . 3_{10.0}^{10.7}$ $10.3_{10.0}^{10.7}$	$10 . 4_{10.0}^{10.7}$ $10.4_{10.0}^{10.7}$
	${\bar{t}}_{M - w} [Gyr]$ ${\bar{t}_{M-w}\, [\mathrm{Gyr}]}$	$0 . 3_{0.1}^{0.7}$ $0.3_{0.1}^{0.7}$	$0 . 7_{0.3}^{2.0}$ $0.7_{0.3}^{2.0}$	$0 . 2_{0.1}^{2.3}$ $0.2_{0.1}^{2.3}$	$0 . 1_{0.0}^{0.8}$ $0.1_{0.0}^{0.8}$	$0 . 7_{0.4}^{1.7}$ $0.7_{0.4}^{1.7}$
	z_form	$2 . 7_{1.7}^{3.9}$ $2.7_{1.7}^{3.9}$	$3 . 8_{2.4}^{6.0}$ $3.8_{2.4}^{6.0}$	$3 . 6_{2.5}^{4.1}$ $3.6_{2.5}^{4.1}$	$2 . 6_{1.6}^{3.8}$ $2.6_{1.6}^{3.8}$	$3 . 9_{2.3}^{5.6}$ $3.9_{2.3}^{5.6}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁸ M_⊙}	$3 . 1_{1.8}^{4.5}$ $3.1_{1.8}^{4.5}$	$6 . 6_{3.8}^{8.9}$ $6.6_{3.8}^{8.9}$	$9 . 0_{3.2}^{9.9}$ $9.0_{3.2}^{9.9}$	$3 . 0_{1.6}^{4.5}$ $3.0_{1.6}^{4.5}$	$6 . 0_{3.6}^{8.9}$ $6.0_{3.6}^{8.9}$
	z_{M_* = 10⁹ M_⊙}	$3 . 0_{1.7}^{4.4}$ $3.0_{1.7}^{4.4}$	$5 . 9_{3.7}^{8.3}$ $5.9_{3.7}^{8.3}$	$4 . 4_{2.6}^{9.4}$ $4.4_{2.6}^{9.4}$	$3 . 0_{1.6}^{4.5}$ $3.0_{1.6}^{4.5}$	$5 . 7_{3.4}^{7.9}$ $5.7_{3.4}^{7.9}$
	SFR [M_⊙ yr⁻¹]	30₇²⁹⁹	$102_{12}^{593}$ $102_{12}^{593}$	32₅³⁵⁷	99₅¹⁵⁹³	$254_{24}^{1888}$ $254_{24}^{1888}$

Notes. The fiducial model is highlighted in purple.

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