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Fig. 3.

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Evolution of CG properties. From left to right: i) Group surface brightness, μ ¯ r $ \overline{\mu}_r $; ii) size, R ¯ p $ \overline{R}_{\mathrm{p}} $; and iii) total luminosity, Lr. Solid blue lines show the sample medians, and shaded regions encompass the 25th-75th percentiles. At the left panel, we show the threshold value, μ ¯ r = 26.33 mag arcsec 2 $ \overline{\mu}_r = 26.33\,\mathrm{mag\,arcsec^{-2}} $, with a horizontal dashed red line, and the median threshold time, tthr, is represented with a blue arrow, indicating that more than 50% of the CGs became compact less than 1 Gyr ago. The other two panels show that surface brightness strongly correlates with size evolution, while luminosity mildly changes (Δ ∼ 0.2 dex).

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