Left: SFRD in the Universe as a function of redshift. Different colors indicate different estimates based on different assumptions on the IMF of stellar populations or on extinction correction (Strolger et al. 2004; Madau & Dickinson 2014; Madau & Fragos 2017). Right: Metallicity-specific SFRD as a function of redshift for different values of metallicity, computed as the combination of the SFRD from Madau & Dickinson (2014) with the metallicity distribution of Neijssel et al. (2019). The dashed, dot-dashed, and dotted lines show the metallicity-specific SFRD around metallicity Z_⊙, 0.1 × Z_⊙, and 0.01 × Z_⊙ respectively.