Fig. 5
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Surface density perturbation of
(left) and log(Σ) (middle), and specific torque density as a function of orbital distance (right) in run-fid for a super-Earth planet of 3 M⊕ (upper panels, t = 4× 104 P0), a Saturn-mass planet (middle panels, t=l.4×104 P0), and a Jupiter-mass planet (lower panels, t = 3.5 × 104 P0). The location of the planet is marked by a gray circle. The data used to compute the torque density are averaged over 20 snapshots in 1 P0, the purple crosses in the top and middle rows of panels indicate the wiggle torque positions, and the radial width between the vertical dashed lines is Δrwith = 2 max(rH, rhs). For visibility, the x-axes in the right panels use a linear scale up to 12 au and a logarithmic scale beyond that.
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