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Fig. 2.

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Upper panels: The left panel shows the observed 2D shear map for an illustrative redMaPPer cluster (M ≃ 1014.73h−1M), while the right panel displays the corresponding best-fitting shear field predicted by the elliptical NFW model. Each map covers an area of 18′×18′. In both maps, the orientation and length of the sticks within each 1′×′ pixel indicate the local tangential direction and amplitude of the distortion, respectively. For visualization purposes, both shear fields have been smoothed with a Gaussian kernel with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ≈2′ (Oguri et al. 2010). The blue dot marks the weak-lensing-derived center, and the red pentagram denotes the observed center. Lower panel: Posterior constraints on structural parameters of the cluster, including the halo concentration, ellipticity, and projected offsets of the mass centroid. The contours represent the 1σ and 2σ confidence levels.

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