Fig. 2.
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Regimes of clump survival versus crushing for clumps with Rcl = 500 AU. The maps show tcool/tcc as a function of shock velocity and clump density. The panels correspond to cases with metal-line cooling only (top left), and different dust-to-gas mass ratios: 𝒟 = 10−4 (top right), 𝒟 = 10−3 (bottom left), and 𝒟 = 10−2 (bottom right). The solid red lines mark tcool = tcc. Clumps above the line (lower vsh or higher ncl) can cool or grow, while below the line they are crushed. Higher dust-to-gas mass ratios expand the survival region. Dashed blue: Isobaric ℛ = 1. Dotted purple: Isochoric ℛ = 1. Isochoric crossings occur only at vsh ≲ a few 102 km s−1; realistic clumps fall between these limits. In both cases, regions above the ℛ = 1 lines correspond to grain growth exceeding thermal sputtering. The hatched area indicates the range of observed dusty globules in the Crab Nebula.
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