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Fig. 6.

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Comparison of Malin 2 images and stellar mass surface density profiles with other spiral galaxies. Top: Visual size comparison showing Malin 2 (top left, log(M*/M) = 11.3) compared to a spiral galaxy of a similar mass (J005042.73+002558.37; log(M*/M) = 11.2 and a Milky Way-mass spiral (J012015.34−002009.00; log(M*/M) = 10.6). All the images have the same physical scale. The images of the galaxies in the right column are retrieved from the IAC Stripe82 Legacy Project (Fliri & Trujillo 2016; Román & Trujillo 2018), which are about 1 magnitude shallower than our Malin 2 observations. Bottom: Stellar mass surface density profiles comparing Malin 2’s multidirectional wedge profiles (colored lines) with azimuthally averaged profiles of spiral galaxies from Chamba et al. (2022) (gray lines). The profiles are separated into four panels. Panel (a) is for all spirals, panel (b) Milky Way-mass spirals, and panel (c) Malin 2-mass spirals. All three panels are divided based on their stellar mass bins, as is shown in the label. Panel (d) compares Malin 2 with other GLSB galaxies; namely, Malin 1 (Boissier et al. 2016) and UGC 1382 (Chamba et al. 2022). The horizontal dash-dotted lines mark the 1 M pc−2 level. The azimuthally averaged isophotal profile of Malin 2 is shown as a dashed black line in all the panels.

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