Investigating aerosols as a way to reconcile K2-18 b JWST MIRI and NIRISS/NIRSpec observations

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Volume 702 (October 2025)

A&A, 702 (2025) L20

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Table C.1.

Retrieval results for MIRI LRS

Model	ln(Z)	ln(B)	metallicity
Flat line	185.11	Reference	-
Best model	187.56	2.45	0.28 $_{- 0.27}^{+ 4.72}$ $^{+4.72}_{-0.27}$

All molecules	186.93	Reference	4.41 $_{- 4.02}^{+ 13.98}$ $^{+13.98}_{-4.02}$
No C₂H₂	185.90	1.03	4.42 $_{- 4.06}^{+ 14.31}$ $^{+14.31}_{-4.06}$
No H₂CO	186.08	0.85	4.28 $_{- 3.96}^{+ 15.60}$ $^{+15.60}_{-3.96}$
No C₂H₄	186.36	0.57	2.43 $_{- 2.28}^{+ 12.66}$ $^{+12.66}_{-2.28}$
No HCN	186.75	0.18	2.82 $_{- 2.59}^{+ 12.92}$ $^{+12.92}_{-2.59}$
No CO	186.78	0.15	4.14 $_{- 3.80}^{+ 14.61}$ $^{+14.61}_{-3.80}$
No CH₄	186.85	0.08	2.73 $_{- 2.52}^{+ 12.41}$ $^{+12.41}_{-2.52}$
No CO₂	186.86	0.07	3.20 $_{- 2.94}^{+ 12.14}$ $^{+12.14}_{-2.94}$
No NH₃	186.90	0.03	3.21 $_{- 2.99}^{+ 13.83}$ $^{+13.83}_{-2.99}$
No H₂O	186.91	0.02	3.55 $_{- 3.24}^{+ 14.42}$ $^{+14.42}_{-3.24}$
No H₂S	186.91	0.02	3.50 $_{- 3.18}^{+ 12.58}$ $^{+12.58}_{-3.18}$
No SO₂	187.21	-0.28	3.41 $_{- 3.10}^{+ 13.34}$ $^{+13.34}_{-3.10}$

CH₄/C₂H₂/C₂H₄	187.26	Reference	0.62 $_{- 0.59}^{+ 6.66}$ $^{+6.66}_{-0.59}$
H₂O/H₂CO	187.26	Reference	0.62 $_{- 0.59}^{+ 6.66}$ $^{+6.66}_{-0.59}$
No C₂H₂	186.15	1.11	0.33 $_{- 0.32}^{+ 6.24}$ $^{+6.24}_{-0.32}$
No H₂CO	186.51	0.75	0.34 $_{- 0.33}^{+ 5.54}$ $^{+5.54}_{-0.33}$
No C₂H₄	186.51	0.75	0.04 $_{- 0.03}^{+ 1.23}$ $^{+1.23}_{-0.03}$
No H₂O	187.24	0.02	0.19 $_{- 0.18}^{+ 3.47}$ $^{+3.47}_{-0.18}$
No CH₄	187.56	-0.30	0.28 $_{- 0.27}^{+ 4.72}$ $^{+4.72}_{-0.27}$
With Tholins exo1	186.83	-0.43	1.26 $_{- 1.19}^{+ 7.82}$ $^{+7.82}_{-1.19}$

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